Unit 1 Sentence( 句子） The Classification of Sentences.

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 1 Sentence( 句子） The Classification of Sentences

Pre-study Task Read these sentences and think about what kind of sentences they belong to. 1. He has no friends at this college. 2. It was such an expensive car that we couldn’t afford to buy it. 3. Will you go on holiday or stay at home? 4. What lovely babies the twins are! 5. The first Olympics took place in 776 B.C., and then the games were held every four years.

6. Watch your steps. 7. I wish to leave now, may I? Presentation 句子从结构上分为三类： 1. simple sentence 2. compound sentence 3. complex sentence

Task 1 Pay your attention to the structure of these sentences: 1. He assigned Jack the toughest job. 2. Fools seldom differ. 3. Miss Jones is a secretary. 4. Walls have ears. 5. The parents consider the child a genius. 6. There is nothing in this handbag.

简单的简单句六个最基本句型, 以及其中包含的六种句子成分 ( 主谓宾系表补 ) 。 ① SV( 主谓 ) ② SVO( 主谓宾 ) ③ SVP( 主系表 ) ④ SVOOC( 主谓宾宾补 ) ⑤ SVIODO( 主谓双宾语 ) ⑥ There be + O (There be)

复杂的简单句在六大句型基础上加三大修饰成分 ( 定语、状语、同位语 ) 后句子变得更加复杂了, 但仍属于简单句 ( 即句号前只有一个主谓结构 ) 。如： I left the beautiful city Beijing yesterday. 主谓定宾同位状

句子按使用目的可分为四类： 1. Declarative Sentences 2. Interrogative Sentences 3. Imperative Sentences 4. Exclamatory Sentences

Four Kinds of Questions: 1. General Questions 2. Special Questions 3. Alterative Questions 4. Disjunctive Questions

General Questions Shall I turn on the TV? ---Yes, Please. Must I send in the application in written form? ---No, You needn’t. Does this bus take me to Taibai Square? ---Yes, get on, please. Is he coming to the opening ceremony? ---sorry, I have no idea. * Negative Questions: A. It’s a wonderful concert. Don’t you want to come with us? B. Didn’t I tell you to come early? C. Isn’t it a marvelous film?

Pretest: 1. Somebody phoned while I was out, ____? 2. Bob rarely got drunk, _did he___? 3. There ’s no help for it, __is there__? 4. I’m late, ____I? 5. I suppose (that) he’s serious, _____? 6. I don’t think (that) she cares,_____? 7. You often have headaches, ____? 8. You had to see your uncle yesterday, _____? 9. You must work hard next term,______? 10. You must send for a doctor, _____you? 11. He must be very tired, _____? 12. Give me your hand, _____? 13. Don’t move the chair, _____ ?

Disjunctive Questions 陈述句， + be/do/have/will... + 主语 ? ( 反意疑问句 ) 1. I’m..., ain’t I? I’m late, ain’t I? 2. I need to do..., don’t I?/I needn’t do..., need I? I need to teach him a lesson, don’t I? I hardly need to tell you that you’re wrong, need I?

3. I must do..., mustn’t/needn’t I? I must tell him the news, mustn’t/needn’t I? 4. I mustn’t do..., must/may I? I mustn’t take it away, must/may I? 5. I wish..., may I? I wish to leave now, may I? 6. 主语 + used to..., didn’t + 主语 ? He used to live in Beijing, didn’t he? 7. 主语 + ought to..., oughtn’t/shouldn’t + 主语 ? You ought to have worked harder, oughtn’t/shouldn’t you?

8. 主语 + had better..., hadn’t + 主语 ? You’d better stop at the next station, hadn’t you? 9. 主语 + would rather..., wouldn’t + 主语 ? He would rather have some rice, wouldn’t he? 10. Let us..., will you? Let us make our own choices, will you? 11. Let’s..., shall we/all right? Let’s have a cup of coffee, shall we? Let’s not tell him the secret, all right? 12. 祈使句, will/would/won’t you? Stop that noise, will/would you? Don’t open the box, will/would you? Have some fruit, won’t you?

13. I think/suppose/guess/believe/be afraid... + 从句, 从句助动词 + not + 从句主语 ? I think/suppose you’re going today, aren’t you? I believe that it isn’t the best movie of the year, is it? I am afraid that Jack has already left school, hasn’t he? I guess that there is enough food for all of us, isn’t there? 14. 感叹句..., be + not + 主语 ? What a lazy fellow, isn’t he? 15. 主语 + seldom/hardly/rarely/little/never/nothing..., 助动词 + 主语 ? Jane is never later for class, is she? Sue seldom goes to the movies, does she? There were hardly any books in the classroom, were there?

The Categories of Compound Sentences 1. Noun Clause 1) Subject Clause 2) Objective Clause 3) Predicative Clause 4) Appositive Clause 2. Attributive Clause 3. Adverbial Clause

Assignments: 1) Activity ) Describe two of the pictures in activities. 3) Read an English passage after class and pay attention to the usage of the sentences of different categories.