FLUID MECHANICS AND MACHINERY Department of Mechanical Engineering Department.

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FLUID MECHANICS AND MACHINERY Department of Mechanical Engineering Department

INTRODUCTION

Why do swimmers float better in the ocean than in a lake? Which is denser, Earth or the sun?

Properties of fluids Vapour pressure and gas laws Capillarity and surface tension continuity equation Energy equation

FLOW THROUGH CIRCULAR CONDUITS Laminar flow through circular conduits and circular annuli Boundary layer concepts Hydraulic and energy gradient Friction factor and Moody diagram Flow though pipes in series and in parallel

Calculate frictional losses for laminar and turbulent flow through circular and non-circular pipes Define the friction factor in terms of flow properties Calculate the friction factor for laminar and turbulent flow Define and calculate the Reynolds number for different flow situations Derive the Hagen-Poiseuille equation

DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS Dimension and units: Buckingham’s П theorem Discussion on dimensionless parameters Applications of dimensionless parameters

Continuum Hypothesis In this course, the assumption is made that the fluid behaves as a continuum, i.e., the number of molecules within the smallest region of interest (a point) are sufficient that all fluid properties are point functions (single valued at a point).

ROTO DYNAMIC MACHINES

Types Non-Positive Displacement Fans Fluid couplers Positive Displacement Gear Vane* Piston* * Can be variable displacement, including pressure compensated and load sensing.