Measurements and Calculations Chapter – The Scientific Method
Scientific Method Scientific Method – logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and formulating theories that are supported by data
Scientific Method System – a specific portion of matter in a given region of space that has been selected for study during an experiment or observation Observation can be quantitative and/or qualitative Formulating Hypotheses – Hypothesis – testable statement in the “if-then” format
Scientific Method Testing Hypotheses – Using controls and variables – Not proven, just supported Theorizing – Model – explains how phenomena occur & how data or events r related – Theory – broad generalization to explain a body of facts or phonomena
The Problem Observed Problem: Alka Seltzer tablets do not dissolve quickly enough System to be studied: There are 2 tablets and 500 mL of water. Data collected: The tablets weigh 7.0 grams. At r.t. it takes 5 min to dissolve. Hypothesis – “If __________________, then the tablet will dissolve quicker.”
Solve It! Testing Hypothesis: – What are your controls and variables? __________________________________ – What are your procedures? ______________________________________ – Was your hypothesis supported? ____ Theory – can you make a theory to explain your observed results? ________________________________