Energy and Matter. Energy Energy- the ability to do work such as moving matter a distance causing a heat transfer between two objects at different temperatures.

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Presentation transcript:

Energy and Matter

Energy Energy- the ability to do work such as moving matter a distance causing a heat transfer between two objects at different temperatures Energy- the ability to do work such as moving matter a distance causing a heat transfer between two objects at different temperatures –heat –light –electrical –chemical

Two types of Energy Kinetic Energy- energy contained in a moving object Kinetic Energy- energy contained in a moving object Potential Energy- is stored energy that is latent but available for use. Potential Energy- is stored energy that is latent but available for use.

Energy Measurements –Calories (cal)= J –BTU –Joules (J)- the work done when one kg is accelerated 1 m per second (1J= 1kg X m / s. –KWh

Power The rate of doing work The rate of doing work

Heat The total kinetic energy of molecules and atoms in a substance associated with bulk motion of the substance. The total kinetic energy of molecules and atoms in a substance associated with bulk motion of the substance.

Temperature is the speed of the motion of a typical atom or molecule in a substance is the speed of the motion of a typical atom or molecule in a substance

Thermodynamics and Energy Transfers First Law of Thermodynamics- energy is neither created nor destroyed; it can only change forms (coal to electricity plants. The plant is limited to the amount of energy that can be obtained from the coal.) First Law of Thermodynamics- energy is neither created nor destroyed; it can only change forms (coal to electricity plants. The plant is limited to the amount of energy that can be obtained from the coal.) Second law of Thermodynamics- transfers of energy decrease the amount of total useful energy- meaning the entropy of the universe is increasing or the amount of disorder is increasing Second law of Thermodynamics- transfers of energy decrease the amount of total useful energy- meaning the entropy of the universe is increasing or the amount of disorder is increasing

Conservation of Matter Under ordinary circumstances, matter is neither created not destroyed, but rather are recycled over and over again.

Entropy The amount of useful energy lost per amount of matter. The amount of useful energy lost per amount of matter. –Plant absorbing solar energy from sun will loss some amount of energy –Rabbit absorbing chemical energy by eating a plant, some energy is lost –Energy lost through entropy disperses as heat and becomes more scattered or disordered. In this way entropy is a measurement of disorder, as heat disperses, entropy – or disorder of energy- increases. Every chemical and physical change carries with it a measurable change in entropy.

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