ROAD TO JOHANNESBURG

Background Rio Earth Summit – 1992 United Nations Convention on Environment and Development (UNCED) UNCED Impact 1992 Rio Earth Summit: Heads of State Country representatives Delegates (including journalists) NGO Delegates – NB recognition Global action to Environmental Protection and Presentation

Rio Outcomes Rio Declaration - Statement of Intent that underpins Sustainable Development Agenda 21 - A comprehensive plan of action to be taken globally, nationally and locally by organisations of the United Nations system, governments and major groups in every area in which humans impact the environment

Rio Outcomes Three Conventions - United Nations (UN) Framework Convention on Climate Change - UN Convention on Biological Diversity - UN Convention to Combat Desertification 1995 Copenhagen Programme The Social Development Summit on Copenhagen addressed Social Development with emphasis on the negative impact of UNDER-DEVELOPMENT and POVERTY

SUBSTANCE

Rio Legacy Agenda 21, environment & development linkage Aid target 0,7% of developed countries’ GDP Commission of Sustainable Development 1 – 10 Convention on Biological Diversity and CITES Montreal Protocol and Ozone depleting substances Basel Convention on hazardous waste Convention for Prior Informed Consent for trans-boundary movement of hazardous waste Climate Change Convention & Kyoto Protocol Stockholm Convention on POPs

Assessing Rio Legacy Post-Rio globalisation process reinforcing global inequality Sustainable development programmes and commitments have been unable to reverse this process Failure to integrate international systems for trade, finance and investment with sustainable development commitments

Other Problems Fragmentation of conventions & institutions Development institutions underfunded & ineffective Complex governance systems hinder developing country participation and co-ownership Aid funds limited and aligned to developed country priorities Poor implementation of development targets Gaps in international conventions

Johannesburg Legacy will depend on: A properly managed global consensus –Between governments –Between stakeholders Ownership and participation by global leaders Concrete outputs and deliverables Excellent logistics – “WOW” effect Security Symbolism, branding and legacy

South Africa’s Message Poverty and inequality are greatest threat to sustainable global development in 21 st Century Seriously tackling inequality will involve changes in terms of trade, investment, debt relief Governments cannot do this alone – partnership with business, industry and civil society is critical Regional programmes like MAP may be the ideal delivery model

Agenda must achieve: Renewed commitment to the implementation of Agenda 21 Implementation of global commitment to combat poverty for sustainable development Impact on economic factors underpinning marginalisation of Africa and developing world – trade, finance, investment Johannesburg programme of action with clear targets, delivery mechanisms, resource commitments, monitoring

Agenda must also: Get agreement to replenish and restructure global financing mechanisms Align resources, investment and finances behind sustainable development agenda, and mobilise resources for MAP Get agreement on instruments to address gaps in international governance framework, and focus on capacity building for equitable global governance

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Trade Finance Investmen t Technolog y transfer SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Water Health Energy Education Food security ENVIRONMENT Oceans Atmosphere Biodiversity Land degradation Climate change

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Trade Finance Investmen t Technolog y transfer SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Water Health Energy Education Food security ENVIRONMENT Oceans Atmosphere Biodiversity Land degradation Climate change

Economic Development Programmes BETTER ACCESS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES TO GLOBAL MARKETS INCREASE INVESTMENT FOR DEVELOPING ECONOMIES RESOURCE COMMITMENT e.g. support for MAP FROM DEVELOPMENT FINANCE INSTITUTIONS TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT & TRANSFER DEBT RELIEF PROGRAMME EXTENDED TO OTHER DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Trade Finance Investmen t Technolog y transfer SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Water Health Energy Education Food security ENVIRONMENT Oceans Atmosphere Biodiversity Land degradation Climate change

Social Development Programmes GLOBAL PROGRAMME FOR ACCESS TO SAFE WATER AND SANITATION ENERGY ACCESS PROGRAMME PUTS 50% AFRICAN HOUSEHOLDS ON INTEGRATED ENERGY GRID POA TO ENSURE UNIVERSAL LITERACY & NUMERACY POA TO ENSURE INCREASED GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY POA FOR HIV/AIDS & COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN AFRICA

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Trade Finance Investmen t Technolog y transfer SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Water Health Energy Education Food security ENVIRONMENT Oceans Atmosphere Biodiversity Land degradation Climate change

Environment Commitments Environmental protection of the poor Greater commitment to developing country agendas –Desertification –Sustainable use of biodiversity New global instruments to address gaps –Oceans and coasts –Forests –Waste –Air pollution Rationalise conventions for better developing country engagement - “IEG” process

Environment Programmes CONSERVATION & MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES FOR DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE MITIGATING GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE TO ACHIEVE TARGETS IN 2008 – 2012 PROTECTING ENVIRONMENT & HUMAN RIGHTS THROUGH WASTE AND AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION

Governance Peace, democracy, security and stability as essential platforms for sustainable development Enhance MAP programme for sound governance in participating countries Rationalise global environmental governance system Strenghten coordination of environment, social and economic aspects of Sustainable Development, and effectiveness of Commission for Sustainable Development

The Road to Johannesburg CSD BUREAU MEETINGS CSD BUREAU MEETINGS CSD BUREAU MEETINGS CSD PREP-COM. 1 MARCH 2001 JOHANNESBURG SUMMIT 2 – 11 SEPT CSD PRE-COM.2 FEBRUARY 2002 CSD MINISTERIAL PRE-COM MAY 2002 REGIONAL PrepComms CSD PREP-COM.3 MARCH 2002

The Road to Johannesburg Economic clusterMilestones Trade…………WTO, Qatar - November 2001 Finance………GEF – December 2001 FFD, Mexico - March 2002 Investment……FFD, Mexico - March 2002 Technology…..Meetings of UNESCO, WTO, UNFCCC

The Road to Johannesburg Social clusterMilestones Water…………Bonn Water Conference - December 2001 Health…………..Africa Health Ministries Energy………….UNFCCC COP7 - November 2001 Education……….UNESCO Food security……World Food Summit 5 November 2001

The Road to Johannesburg Environment clusterMilestones Biodiversity…………CBD COP6 – April 2002 Oceans & coasts…………..GOM Paris – December 2001 Forests………….UNFF, Rome – December 2001 Atmosphere……….UNFCCC COP7 – November 2001 Waste……8 th Session of PIC – October 2001 Climate change……..UNFCCC COP7 – November 2001 Land degradation……..CCD COP5 – October 2001

Global Partnership with Government BUSINESS SECTOR  Business Forum For Sustainable Development UN AGENCY & DFI SECTOR  Engagement with CSD on their Contribution to POA NGO SECTO  Southern NGOs Meeting October 2001  Women, Youth, churches Unions, Civics participating GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP AROUND JHB PROGRAMME OF ACTION

Partner Contributions GovernmentBusiness Country strategies forAgreement to tackle Sustainable Development withmarginalisation of the matching state resourcespoorest with “growth” agreements on trade, investment, financing, infrastructure linked to governance Create conduciveAdopt environmental and implementation environmentsocial auditing systems Engineering sub-regional and Proactive investment in regional implementation agreementsSustainable Development initiatives

Partner Contributions NGOsDFIs & UN Agencies Multiple actions to highlightPrioritisation of Global POA in environment and developmentthese institutions problems An enabling, facilitatory andOffer of enabling financing capacity building role within aagreements global POA Promote participation of Inter-institutional coordination marginalised groups like women and youth A constructive “watchdog” roleMechanism to integrate IMF, WB, WTO, and other non-UN institutes Early agreement on roles, institutional arrangements and financing NB

Johannesburg Outputs Global partnership to address inequality and poverty Johannesburg POA to deliver on WSSD outcomes including Millennium Summit targets, with monitoring and delivery mechanisms, financing mechanisms, timeframes Integration of trade, finance and investment issues into Sustainable Development agenda Specific sectoral agreements and programmes

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue -International Environment Governance Description - Re-organising the International Environmental Governance regime into a more efficient model and effective system which integrates and coordinates currently fragmented MEAs and initiatives International Process or Milestone - IEG High level meetings (Sept, Dec 01 and Jan 2002) - CSD 10 and Prep Comms

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue -Finance for Sustainable Development Description - Linking financing for development debate to Sustainable Development agenda and POA. Re-organisation of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) for better co-ordination and support to the IEG system International Process or Milestone - GEF Council (December 01, 2001) - UNFFD, Mexico, March 2002

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue -Trade and Environment Description - Linking the forthcoming trade rounds more effectively to the Sustainable Development agenda. Linking the environment and development issues with the trade debate in the context of Sustainable Development International Process or Milestone - WTO round, Qatar November 2001

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue - Energy Description - Organising a deal on global access to energy for Sustainable Development, and the promotion of cleaner production, renewable and energy efficiency. Linkages to be made with consolidation of Kyoto Protocol, and a potential global deal on air pollution International Process or Milestone - CSD 10 and Prep Comms -COP 7 of UNFCCC, Marrakesh, October – November th MOP Montreal Protocol, October 2001

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue -Biodiversity Description - Deepening global programme of action around conservation and protection of bio-diversity linked to Sustainable Development POA, and in particular food security. Consolidation and implementation issues regarding Biosafety Protocol, Intellectual Property Rights agreements, bioprospecting International Process or Milestone - 2 INC for Cartegena Protocol (November 01, 2001) -CBD COP6 Hague (April 02, 2001) -COP5 UNCCD Geneva

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue -HIV/Aids Description - WSSD to recognise the threat posed by HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases to Sustainable Development, and commit to global POA building on the proposed Africa wide communicable diseases programme International Process or Milestone - African Health Ministers meeting -WHO meetings -Waste -Extension of hazardous waste and POPs to broader global deal on waste minimisation and recycling -8 th session of Rotterdam Convention, October 2001

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue - Waste Description - Extension of hazardous waste and POPs to broader global deal on waste minimisation and recycling International Process or Milestone - 8 th session of Rotterdam Convention, October 2001

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue - Fresh Water Description - Global deal on shared water resources, water resource management, access to water services and sanitation, and programme of action to address Millennium declaration targets International Process or Milestone - Bonn Conference on Water, December 2001

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue - Oceans Description - A global deal on oceans and coasts which integrates and consolidates regional seas and coastal agreements, covering both commercial and protection issues International Process or Milestone - Oceans and Coasts Conference, Paris, December 2001

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue - Food Security Description - Agreement on programme of action to implement Millennium Declaration targets, linked to biodiversity and desertification programmes International Process or Milestone - 5 Year Review of World Food Summit, Rome, November 2001

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue - Atmosphere Description - Extension of current MEAS on climate change, ozone, POPs to a more overarching agreement on protection of the atmosphere, air pollution, standards for emissions. Possible linkage with ratification and implementation of Kyoto protocol, and issues around energy International Process or Milestone - CSD 10 and Prep Comms -COP 7 UNFCCC, Marrakesh, October – November th MOP Montreal Protocol, October 2001

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue - Desertification and land degradation Description - Deepening global commitment to POA on desertification and land degradation, and revitalising UNCCD and funding mechanism for UNCCD. International Process or Milestone - CBD COP6 Hague (April 02)-COP5 UNCCD Geneva

Proposed Outcomes of the World Summit on Sustainable Development - Issues Issue - Forests Description - Agreement on a global programme of action to address the loss of the world’s forests and associated biodiversity, linked to the broader sustainable development agenda International Process or Milestone - CSD 10 and Prep Comms