Psychoanalytic- Background Freud- Sex and aggressive drives Psychosexual stages of development Depression and anxiety

Psychoanalytic- Background Object relations: Melanie Klein- Good breast, bad breast experience Margaret Mahler- Attachment and separation and individuation Fairbairn- Three structures of ego: central, rejecting, exciting

Psychoanalytic- Background Erikson- Psychosocial stages of development Bowlby- Attachment

Psychoanalytic- Family Therapy Theorists Nathan Ackerman James Framo

Ackerman- Source of motivation Conflict Intrapersonal- attachment, ego development Interpersonal- reflections of the intrapsychic conflict

Ackerman- Development of pathology Development of defenses Displacement Denial Rationalization

Ackerman- Nature of change Tickle the defenses Eliminate defense mechanisms Catch the family by surprise Expose discrepancies in rationalizations and nonverbals (mood, expression, posture, gesture, and movement)

Ackerman- Therapeutic relationship Assess for family dynamics Establish rapport with all members

Ackerman- Therapeutic relationship Use report to evoke conflict- Counteract defense mechanisms Transform dormant interpersonal conflict into overt expression Change intrapersonal to interpersonal conflict Neutralize scapegoating

Ackerman- Therapeutic relationship Serve as parent Serve as reality tester Serve as educator

Ackerman- Techniques Identify family roles Persecutor Victim Rescuer Healer of family conflict

Framo- Source of motivation Primary motivation is to be in a successful relationship Rewarding and frustrating experiences with parents

Framo- Development of pathology Frustrating experiences are incorporated into child’s personality/nature Recreate frustrating experiences with spouses and children Unresolved conflict

Framo- Nature of change Correct frustrating experiences/ personality

Framo- Techniques Family of origin work Therapy with couples Couples group therapy Family of origin session