SPring-8 (1436 m) since 1997 XFEL (700 m) From 2011 Hiroaki Kimura 1,3 ）, Masafumi Yamashita 2 ）, Yusuke Maeda 2 ）, Yoshifumi Tsukamoto 2 ）, Noriyoshi Azumi 1 ）, Sakuo Matsui 1 ）, Noritaka Kumagai 1 ） Installation and Alignment of RIKEN-XFEL at SPring-8 1)RIKEN/SPring-8, 2)SPring-8 Service Co., Ltd. 3)JASRI/SPring-8 BL29XUL From 2000

Outline 1. Overview of our XFEL 2. Strategy of alignment 3. Vertical direction measurement 4. Horizontal direction measurement 5. Alignment of C-, S- band accelerator Section 6. Summary 2 RIKEN’s XFEL: SPring-8 Compact SASE Source (SCSS) Concept Short Period Undulator Lower Beam Energy In-Vacuum Undulator : u = 18 mm, K=1.9, x < 1 Å  E= 8 GeV, 8 GeV, C-band 35 MV/m  230 m Short Accelerator Length High Gradient Accelerator Accelerator length of 400 m

Embankment Weathering bedrock Bedrock Replacement by excavation with crusher stone 33 Concrete pillar Diameter: 1.5 or 1.6m Total :139 Length :19-52m (Ave. 30m) Subsidence ～ ２ 0mm/10years Bedrock or Replacement with crusher stone. Subsidence < 2mm/10years Schematic view of XFEL Mar. 2009: Building completed Apr. 2009: Installation started Oct. 2010: Aging of accelerator starts Feb. 2011: Beam commissioning starts

Our situations under the alignment work 1. Requested Accuracy of V&H directions 4 Accelerator Sec.: ±0.1mm(BPM, Q-Mag), ±0.15mm(Accel. Str.), Smooth/400m Light Source Sec. : ±0.1mm/110m(Undulator Sec.) Final goal : 30μm/110m and 5μm/12m at Undulator Section → X-ray Based Alignment and Beam Based Alignment 2. The period for installation & alignment work is 18 months. 3. Displacement of the floor is not small. ～ 2mm/year 4. 1 time / 1 ～ 2 months Survey is needed. → Half week for the entire survey, Compact survey network Girders of Undulators and Q&BPMs are equipped remote positioning system.

Strategy of Alignment Survey of Monuments 5 Vertical direction: Digital Level Horizontal direction: Survey Network Entirety: Undulator Hall: ・ Reference monuments were mounted at intervals of about 30m as a beam line reference for alignment at 700mm horizontal off-set position. Total: 32, Accel. Tunnel:14, U. Hall for BL3:9 for BL1: 9 ・ Accelerator components and stone tables were aligned using a laser tracker, its coordinate system was made from two nearby monuments and an inner level. By total station using only monuments that queues up straight It takes 3 days to survey for all monuments. By laser tracker using monuments of BL3, BL1, and additional points on the Wall → Permanent monuments have the advantage that the alignment work is started at once in an arbitrary place and a measurement accuracy improvement. (Beam direction: Distance Meter)

Instrumentation ・ Laser Tracker: API T3 & OT ・ Digital Level: Trimble DiNi 0.3 ・ Total Station: Leica TDA 5005 ・ Optical Plummets: Leica NL ・ Distance Meter: Kern ME5000 ・ Optical Level: Wild N3, Nikon AS-2 ・ Laser Range Meter: HILTI PD32 ・ Multi-Directional Lasers: TaJIma AL-KYRJ 6

Base level line of XFEL 400m 200m Height Difference -0.81mm ～ 30m 16μradDef. Mag. 20μrad Deflecting angle ～ 5 μrad Geoid level Straight line Accelerator Sec.Undulator Sec.FE & Exp. Monument Laser Tracker, TDA 5005 Optical level ME5000 Digital Level ・ Accel. Tunnel:14, U. Hall for BL3:9 for BL1: 9 ・ Reference point: Center of 1.5 inch ball on the target plate ・ Horizontal position could be moved on the floor by using a plummet.

Vertical Direction 8 History of Floor subsidence from Aug By Digital Level Accelerator Building Area The shape of the subsidence data is very similar to that of embankment. It is as same as the case of BL29XUL(not pillar structure) Recent subsidence Z= 200m (BL29XUL ) Light Source Building Area Recent subsidence is small.

Subsidence of top surface of concrete pillar Observed subsidence is agree with that of floor. 9 Bedrock Embankment

Vertical Direction By Digital Level 10 History of Floor subsidence from Aug Difference of Monument from ideal line Reference point +1mm+2mm+1mm Adjusted before installation Difference of monument position is within 1mm.

Horizontal direction: Survey network ・ by TS using ATR Entirety (640m) Light Source Building (240m) ・ 23 control points only monuments that queues up straight. ・ 4 measuring positions ・ Accuracy of ATR:1” → Estimated error of network: ± 0.5mm ・ 28 control points ・ Monuments for BL3: 9 ・ Monuments for BL1: 9 ・ Additional points on the Wall :10 size: 240m × 8 m ・ 9 measuring positions ・ by Laser Tracker ・ Accuracy of LT :1”, 20μm+0.2ppm → Estimated error of network: ±0.2mm Measuring Position Control Point BL3 BL1 ID

Horizontal Direction By Total Station Survey network 12 Difference of Monument from ideal line Accelerator Building Light Source Building We defined two fixed points. Building curves, swells with the south. South North Entirety consists of three straight line. -10 ～ +15 mm

13 We defined two fixed points at both side of Und. section. Difference of monument position in Undulator section is within 0.1mm in both directions. Displacement at Light Source Building Undulator-Section Vertical Horizontal Digital level data (res. 10μm) is good agreement with HLS data(res. 0.1μm ）. By Digital Level By LT survey network

Alignment of Accelerating Structure 14 Using the digital level and the total station Fiducials Adjustment Unit Alignment Unit CCR Using the laser tracker C & S-band accelerator section ( ～ 400m) 136 accelerating structures 24 stone tables for Q-magnet and BPM. Check of Alignment

15 Most part is aligned smoothly. Position of Accelerator Components Difference(mm) C-band S-band Vertical Horizontal ・ There are some jump at several parts.

Strategy of alignment: We adopted permanent monuments and compact survey network. Summary Acknowledgements ・ IHI Inspection & Instrumentation Co., ltd. ・ Pasco Corp., especially Dr. Mishima Difference of reference monuments from ideal line: At Accelerator building: Vertical: 1mm Horizonta: 2mm At Light Source building: 0.2mm, 0.1mm in ID section Displacement of floor: It was within our expectation. → It is important to know the history of the ground displacement for the new facility. We should take care of the displacement of floor in the future Alignment of components: Most component is good. Some smoothing is needed before beam commissioning in next February.

Displacement of BL29XUL in Vac. Sta. ＃ Alti.(m) 50m Top View Side View Original Altitude Line Level(mm) Lateral(mm) North South Vac. Sta. ＃ Level: Subsidence at #51: 54mm (8mm / year) Lateral: Displacement : ～ － 5 ～ +15mm 17 → Accelerator section of XFEL building (located at #35 - #64) Ground displacement depends on that of embankment. ： GNSSothers ： TS