WELCOME TO EVANS MINING COMPANY

DIRECTIONS  You and your mining partner must only use your toothpicks!  The pan in front of you is your mine!  Mine out the beads and seeds!

PRIZE 10 purple 20 sunflower 15 smallest Green 20 smallest red

NOW…..YOU MUST GET IT BACK THE SAME WAY!

THURSDAY, AUGUST 16 TH What is the best way to reduce the impact of mining? a. Invent new things to make out of minerals b. Increase the use of mineral use c. Reclaim the land d. Use more products with minerals

It is the process of removing rock and mineral material from the Earth for society to use to make products!

EXTRA An ore is a natural material with a high concentration of economically valuable minerals that can be mined for a profit

This is digging a hole on the surface of the earth to remove the material we want.

EXTRA  There are 3 types of surface mines:  Open-pit: removes large, near surface deposits of minerals such as gold and copper. Mined downward in layers  Quarries: stone, crushed rock, sand, gravel  Strip Mining: removing surface coal in strips

EXAMPLE OF SURFACE MINING Images from Google Maps

SUBSURFACE MINING

RECLAMATION Mine Albert, Quebec, before and after reclamation. Government of Quebec

WHY DO WE NEED TO MINE?

WHY DO WE NEED MINES?  Houses  Cars  Toothpaste  Plumbing  Wiring  Planes  Electronics  Jewelry  Glass If we can’t grow it, it has to be mined!

gold water coal rubies petroleum diamonds Sand glass

inorganic Naturally occurring solid Crystal structure definite chemical make-up

Wood

Gold

Fossil

Topaz

Bones

Granite

Quartz

Pearls

Talc

Icebergs

Diamond

Coal

Rock Salt

AND THE ANSWERS ARE… Minerals a) Gold b) Topaz c) Quartz d) Talc e) Iceberg* f) Diamonds Non-Minerals a) Wood - once living b) Fossils – once living c) Bone - living material d) Granite - intrusive igneous rock e) Pearls – made by oysters f) Coal - Sedimentary rock g) Rock Salt – Sedimentary rock According to IMA – ice is listed as a mineralIMA

Once I know it’s a mineral, we classify minerals according to Various Characteristics!

1. One way is color!

Not all minerals have the same hardness. Some you can easily scratch with your fingernail! /vwdocs/vwlessons

Streak is the color of a mineral powder. Many minerals appear a different color when powdered than they do as a big piece. The color may be entirely different, or it may be a different shade.

Copyright © Dr. Richard Busch Courtesy United States Geological SurveyUnited States Geological Survey Courtesy United States Geological SurveyUnited States Geological Survey Each reflects light differently – that is luster! Which of these words would you use to describe these minerals? Glassy, metallic, dull, silky, waxy, pearly

This means for equal size, they have their own special weight. Which one is worth more? How could you tell? The first one is topaz (worth a lot) and the second is citrine quartz (not worth a lot). A scientist would measure their densities and they would be different!

Copyright © Dr. Richard Busch Link to crystal videoLink to crystal video media player quicktime

Cleavage means it breaks the same way every time. Fracture means it breaks in a random pattern that cannot be predicted. Calcite and halite break a special way. donsmaps.com Quartz and chert break in a random pattern. There is not way to predict how they break.

ROCK UNIT Outline

ROCK UNIT The 3 tiers