Separation of Mixtures

Separation of Mixtures Identify the different ways of separating mixtures. Determine how the different ways are used to separate mixtures. Identify the ways in which magnetic attraction, filtration, evaporation, distillation and paper chromatography can be used in daily life.

Separation of Mixtures Mixtures are matter that are made up of two or more compounds and/or elements. They can be easily separated. Suspensions and solutions are mixtures.

Separation of Mixtures Techniques Magnetic Attraction Filtration Paper Chromatography Distillation Evaporation

Separation of Mixtures Magnetic Attraction Separating mixtures containing magnetic material like iron, cobalt and nickel.

Separation of Mixtures Evaporation Separating mixture of dissolved solids from a liquid. Heat is applied to quicken evaporation but NOT to cause decomposition.

Separation of Mixtures Filtration Separating mixture of un-dissolved solids from a liquid.

Some Filtration Systems

Separation of Mixtures Distillation Separating liquid-liquid mixtures of different boiling points. Temperature tells the type of vapour that is entering the condenser.

Laboratory Distillation Setup Cold and hot water enters from the bottom and top of the condenser respectively. Water will gain heat as vapour condenses. Warmer water is less effective in condensing vapour Thermometer at the entrance of the condenser indicates the boiling point of the type of vapour entering it Stone chips are added into the liquid to allow even and uniform boiling Laboratory Distillation Setup

Less Dense Component Denser Component

Separation of Mixtures Paper Chromatography Identify the type of substances in a mixture. Each substance have different solubility in a common solvent.

(3) Component will run along paper as it dissolves in solvent (1) Mixtures added at the base line (2) Paper dipped into solvent for mixtures Components of Essential Oils are separated

Separation of Mixtures What are the components in mixture X? Red X Yellow Blue X Contains Red and Yellow Components

Separation of Mixtures How do you separate a mixture of salt, sand and iron? N S Iron Iron Sand Salt Magnetic attraction to get iron filings Add water to dissolve salt Filter to get sand residue Evaporate filtrate to get salt Sand Iron Salt Sand Salt

Separation of Mixtures Conclusion 5 simple methods of separating mixtures. Different methods for components of mixtures with different properties. Separating mixtures produces better understanding of mixture. Man can produce useful mixtures/components from raw components/mixtures.