Ibn Rušdابن رشد Averroes The Great Muslim Philosopher Who Planted The Seeds of the European Renaissance

BIRTH  Abu’l Walid Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Rushd.  known as Averroes.  was born in Cordoba, the metropolis of Muslim Spain in 1126 AD.  He came of an illustrious Muslim family.

EDUCATION.  The young Ibn Rushd received his education in his native city which was the highest seat of learning in the west.  He was taught Tradition by Abu’l Qasim, Abu Marwan Ibn Masarrat, Abu Jafar Ibn Aziz and Abu Abdullah Marzi.  He learnt fiqh from H~afiz~ Abu Muh~ammad Ibn Rizq. Abu Jafar, a reputed scholar, taught him medicine.  Ibn Rushd soon acquired great scholarship in literature, law, philosophy and medicine.

HIS LIVE  He was a contemporary of some of the outstanding thinkers of Muslim Spain, including Ibn Zuhr, Ibn Baja and Ibn Tufayl.  Ibn Rushd was a juris-consult of the first rank and was appointed Qadi (judge) of Seville in  In , he was invited by the Almohade Caliph Abu Yaqub to Morocco and replaced Ibn Tufayl as the Court Physician.  He died on December 10th, 1198 at the age of 75  Ibn Rushd was known for his humility and hospitality. He passed most of his time in study. He was a great lover of his native land.

Main interests  Islamic theology  Philosophy  Mathematics  Islamic Medicine  Physics  Astronomy

His Books كتاب مناهج الأدلة كتاب تهافت التهافتتهافت التهافت كتاب الكليات كتاب "الحيوان كتاب "المسائل" في الحكمة كتاب "بداية المجتهد ونهاية المقتصد"كتاب "بداية المجتهد ونهاية المقتصد" في الفقه كتاب "جوامع كتب أرسطاطاليس" في الطبيعيات والإلهيات كتاب "شرح أرجوزة ابن سينا" في الطب

Cultural influences  He is briefly mentioned in the novel Ulysses by James Joyce.UlyssesJames Joyce  He got respect from European scientific.  Averroes appears in a short story by Jorge Luis Borges.Jorge Luis Borges  Averroes is the subject of the film Al Massir by Youssef Chahine.Al MassirYoussef Chahine

 Ibn Rushd known in the West, comments and annotations to the philosophy and the writings of Aristotle, which were not available for Latin Europe in the early Middle Ages.  He works were spread over 20,000 pages covering a variety of different subjects, including early Islamic philosophy, logic in Islamic philosophy, Arabic medicine, Arabic mathematics, Arabic astronomy, Arabic grammar, Islamic theology, Sharia.early Islamic philosophylogic in Islamic philosophyArabic medicine Arabic mathematicsArabic astronomyArabic grammarIslamic theologySharia  His most important original philosophical work was The Incoherence of the Incoherence.The Incoherence of the Incoherence  His famous medical book, Kitab al-Kulyat fi al-Tibb  Ibn Rushd is best remembered for his philosophy, particularly in Europe.  Many of his books were used in European universities until the 19th century.  Many Christian theologians fear philosophy until they accused him of advocating "double truth" Achievements

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