SPIROMETRY (Pulmonary Function Testing)

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Presentation transcript:

SPIROMETRY (Pulmonary Function Testing) By: A.Bolouri MD.

SPIROMETRY: Measuring Lung Volumes & Capacities

Lung Volumes Inspiratory Capacity VC TV TLC ERV Functional Residual Capacity RV Lung Volumes

Vital Capacity: Maximal Volume of Air that a Person can Exhale after a Maximal Inspiration. Residual Volume: The Volume of Air Remained in Lungs after Maximal Expiration. Functional Residual Capacity: The Volume of Air Remained in Lungs after Normal Expiration. Inspiratory Capacity: Maximal Capacity of Inspiration (#75% of VC). Expiratory Reserve Volume: Maximal Air that a Person can Exhale after a Normal Expiration.

SPIROMETRY: Reflects Predominantly Resistance to Air flow in the Large or Central Air ways. Small Airways (<2mm diameter) usually are affected early in the Course of Most diseases which involve the Alveolar wall & Interstitial tissue and may contribute little to the Overall Measurable Resistance.

Spirometry is Effort dependent. Failure to Obtain Reproducible Results Inadequate Cooperation Ill Health

FVC: Maximal Volume of Air that a Person can Exhale Forcefully after a Maximal Inspiration. FEV1: the Volume Exhaled during the First second. FEF25-75%(forced expiration flow between 25% & 75% of the FVC) : The Maximal Mid- Expiratory Flow Rate measures the Average Flow Rate during the Middle Half of the FVC.

Volume – Time Relationship

Volume – Time Relationship

VC + FEV1 :Obstructive Lung Disease VC + TLC : Restrictive Lung Disease RV + RV/TLC : Pulmonary Over distention & Probable Air Trapping

Maximal Ventilatory Volume(MVV) : Measuring The Volume of Gas Exchange during 12 to 15 Seconds of Maximal Voluntary Hyperventilation

Airway Obstruction: Severity Mild Moderate Moderately Severe Severe Very Severe FEV1(% of predicted) > 70 >60 and < 70 >50 and < 60 >35 and < 50 <35

Chest Restriction: Severity Mild Moderate Moderately Severe Severe Very Severe FVC(% of predicted) > 70 but <LLN >60 and < 70 >50 and < 60 >35 and < 50 <35

Start Here No No No Normal Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Restrictive FEV1/FVC <LLN FVC <LLN FEF25%-75% <LLN Normal Yes Yes Yes Probably Normal Restrictive No No FVC <LLN Probably Normal FEV1 <95% Pred Yes Yes Obstructive Mixed Obstructive Restrictive