The English Revolutions The Winds of Change

Notes Page  This is your visual aide as an additional tool for note taking  Complete the notes for each ruler in the corresponding box.  Write any significant event, work or idea in the box.  Write smaller than usual, you may need a lot of space.

The Stuarts  Monarch – James I  Came after Elizabeth I  First Stuart Monarch  Ruled – 1603 – 1625  Believed in the “Divine Right of Kings”  Believed that kings receive their power from God and are responsible only to God  Big Anglican, had the bible translated into the KJV  Puritans hated him

 Son of James I  Ruled – 1625 – 1649  Believed in Divine Rights of Kings  Continued religious issues  Puritans left to America during his rule  Led Britain into Civil War, supported by the Cavaliers (Royalists)  Forced to sign the “English Petition of Right”  Defeated by Cromwell and beheaded on 1649

Oliver Cromwell  Led the New Model Army  Supported by the Roundheads  Overthrew Charles I  After winning, purged the Parliament of all those who didn’t support him, called the “Rump Parliament”  Declared England a Republic  “High Protectorate of England”

Charles II  Ruled – 1660 – 1685  Very sympathetic towards Catholics  Overturned laws against Catholics and Puritans, but was backed down by Parliament

James II  Ruled – 1685 – 1688  Uber-Catholic  Caused problems between Parliament and the king  Appointed Catholics to high positions in government, schools, navies and armies  Old when he took power, then died, reason why Parliament didn’t start a revolution

The Glorious Revolution  Led by William and Mary of Orange  Ruled –  Mary, James II daughter, married to Dutch king  Raised an army in 1688 and “invaded” England  James II and young son fled to France  William and Mary took over with only a little bloodshed  Offered the throne by Parliament in 1689  Passed the English Bill of Rights – 1689  Also passed the Toleration Act – passed for Puritans to worship freely  Passed a constitution, led to a constitutional monarchy