WORLD GEOGRAPHY. CHAPTER 7 NOTES SECTS 1-2 SECTION ONE. THE NORTHEAST PP. 156 — 160

I. THE NORTHEAST (NEW ENGLAND) A. MADE UP OF 9 STATES (CAPITALS) 1) MAINE — AUGUSTA 2) NEW HAMPSHIRE — CONCORD 3) VERMONT — MONTPELIER 4) NEW YORK — ALBANY 5) MASSACHUSETTS — BOSTON 6) RHODE ISLAND — PROVIDENCE 7) CONNCECTICUT — HARTFORD 8) NEW JERSEY — TRENTON 9) PENNSYLVANIA — HARRISBURG.

B) PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS 1) SEVERAL MOUNTAIN RANGES a) Pocono Mts. ( Penn. & New York) b) Catskill Mts. (New York) c) Adirondack Mts.--New York d) Green Mts. (Vermont)& White Mts. (New Hampshire) e) Appalachian Mts. (Most of new England)

2) SEVERAL FAST MOVING RIVERS AID INDUSTRY & TRANSPORTATION a) Susquehanna River & Delaware River (Penn.) b) Mohawk River and Hudson River (New York) c) Kennebec River (Maine)

3) LAND IS HILLY WITH ROCKY SOIL a) Small subsistent farms, not much agricultural production in Eastern areas. –Larger farms in western New York and Pennsylvania b) Pennsylvania coal only major natural resource.

C) NORTHEAST GREATEST RESOURCE — WATER 1) NATURAL HARBORS MAKE IT A CENTER OF TRADE a) Great deal of Shipbuilding takes place here! b) Fishing Industry – Grand Banks Fishing area in North Atlantic c) Fast rivers provide power (energy) to run industries.

D) THE DEVELOPING MEGALOPOLIS (WHEN THE CITIES GROW SO MUCH THAT THEY SEEM TO BE ONE GIANT CITY) 1) THE BOSTON TO WASHINGTON D.C. MEGALOPOLIS a) Along Atlantic Coast b) 40 Million people in this area. 2) PROBLEMS OF THE MEGALOPOLIS a) Lack of clean fresh water b) Not enough room for waste disposal c) Reduced population means higher taxes d) Attractive targets for terrorists

E) DOMINANT CITIES OF THE NORTHEAST 1) NEW YORK — FINANCIAL AND BUSINESS CAPITAL OF THE WORLD 2) BOSTON — TRADE AND TOURIST CENTER 3) BUFFALO — LOCATION OF ERIE CANAL, CENTER OF TRADE 4) PHILADELPHIA — CENTER OF AMERICAN HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT –(Birthplace of the American Government)

Tourist Spots of the Northeast PyDCKxshttp:// PyDCKxs

SECTION 2 THE SOUTHERN STATES

SECTION TWO. THE SOUTH

II. THE SOUTH A. MADE UP OF 16 STATES ( CAPITALS) 1) DELAWARE — DOVER 2) MARYLAND – ANNAPOLIS 3) VIRGINIA — RICHMOND 4) WEST VIRGINIA — CHARLESTON 5) KENTUCKY — FRANKFORT 6) TENNESSEE — NASHVILLE 7) NORTH CAROLINA — RALEIGH 8) SOUTH CAROLINA — COLUMBIA 9) GEORGIA — ATLANTA 10) ALABAMA — MONTGOMERY 11) FLORIDA — TALLHASSEE 12) MISSISSIPPI — JACKSON 13) LOUISIANA — BATON ROUGE 14) ARKANSAS — LITTLE ROCK 15) TEXAS — AUSTIN 16) OKLAHOMA — OKLAHOMA CITY

B) CLIMATES OF THE AREA 1) RAINY AND SUB TROPICAL(WARM & WET CLIMATE) a) Areas from East Texas to the Carolinas b) Rainfall from inches a year c) Growth of Tropical Trees called Mangroves d) Marshy areas of inlets and streams of Louisiana called the Bayous e) Swampy area of Florida called the Everglades ist=SLhttp:// ist=SL 2) DRY SEMI-ARID AREAS OF WEST TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA a) Rainfall from 8-30 inches a year.

C) LINKING AGRICULTURE AND HISTORY 1) SOUTH HAS LONG HAD RICH FERTILE SOILS a) The Development of the South was based on Agriculture. b) Southern planters developed the plantation. 2) HISTORICALLY — SOUTH IMPORTED SLAVES TO HELP THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR 3 MAIN “ CASH CROPS ” a) Tobacco, cotton, rice.

C) LINKING AGRICULTURE AND HISTORY 3) TRADE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS FOR SLAVES AND OTHER PRODUCTS IS CALLED THE “ COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE ” 4) 1840 ’ S TEXTILE MILLS BUILT IN THE SOUTH THAT LINKED COTTON PRODUCTION TO THE MAKING OF CLOTH. a) Built on the FALL LINE between Appalachian Mountains and Atlantic coast Plain. b) Use water power from Mountain streams & rivers to run the mills!

NEW INDUSTRY OF THE SOUTH 5) NEW INDUSTRY HAS DEVELOPED AS A RESULT OF CHANGE: a) Texas — Petrochemicals and Oil Products b) Florida & Texas — Space Exploration c) Southern States from Carolinas to California (SUNBELT)-Tourism. d) Tennessee & Georgia — Automobiles ations/imaps/maps/g4n_u3/index.htmlhttp:// ations/imaps/maps/g4n_u3/index.html

D) PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SOUTH 1) DOMINATED BY THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND ALL OF ITS TRIBUTARIES. a) Creates main port of New Orleans 2) EASTERN RIVERS ARE WIDE AND SLOW MOVING 3) POTOMAC RIVER — LOCATION OF WASHINGTON D.C. 4) TWO CHIEF MOUNTAIN RANGES a) Appalachian Mountains. 1) Rocky soil makes it one of the poorest sections of the U.S.--APPALACHIA b) Great Smoky Mountains. (Carolinas & Tennessee

E) THE PEOPLE OF THE SOUTH 1) 3 OF THE LARGEST CITIES IN THE SOUTH (HOUSTON, DALLAS, SAN ANTONIO) a) Makes Texas the 2 nd most populated state. 2) SOUTH HAS A DIVERSE (VARIED) CULTURE a) 50% of African American population lives in the South b) Growing Hispanic Population from Mexico and Cuba c) New Orleans has a strong French influence. *** Cajun Culture — French-Hispanic Mix

F) WHAT HAS SLOWED THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOUTH? 1) TRADITION OF RELIANCE ON AGRICULTURE 2) LACK OF RESOURCES 3) POLITICAL AND SOCIAL BIAS 4) WEATHER — SOUTH EXPERIENCES MOST EXTREMES IN WEATHER a) Hurricanes and Tropical storms eature=fvsthttp:// eature=fvst