Evaluation of Avian Predation on Juvenile Salmonids in the Columbia River Estuary Donald E. Lyons Ph.D. Candidate Oregon State University Department of.

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Presentation transcript:

Evaluation of Avian Predation on Juvenile Salmonids in the Columbia River Estuary Donald E. Lyons Ph.D. Candidate Oregon State University Department of Fisheries and Wildlife

Acknowledgments Oregon State University/USGS faculty and students: Dan Roby [PI], Jessica Adkins, Yasuko Suzuki, Lauren Reinalda, Nathan Hostetter RTR, Inc. colleagues: Ken Collis [Co-PI], Allen Evans, Mike Hawbecker NOAA Fisheries collaborators: Bob Emmett, Tom Good, Doug Marsh, Dick Ledgerwood, Scott Sebring, David Teel

Objective Estimate smolt mortality due to tern and cormorant predation Methodology Demand-based bioenergetics estimates of fish consumption

Complimentary Methodologies PIT-Tag Based Predation Rates: ESU or stock specificESU or stock specific Rearing or migration history, etc. can be examinedRearing or migration history, etc. can be examined Number of fish available based on detections at upstream dam (Bonneville)Number of fish available based on detections at upstream dam (Bonneville) Bioenergetics Based Predation Rates: Species specific – not ESU or stockSpecies specific – not ESU or stock Number of fish available more difficult to estimate, but possibleNumber of fish available more difficult to estimate, but possible Not subject to tagging sampling biasNot subject to tagging sampling bias Not subject to possible deleterious effects of tagsNot subject to possible deleterious effects of tags

Caspian Tern Management Chronology Rice Island Few Marine Fish Nearby East Sand Island Many Marine Fish Nearby Relocation ? Dispersal of ~60% of estuary population

East Sand Is. Rice Is.

Salmonid Mortality Rates due to Tern Predation All Salmonids Coho Sub-yearling Chinook Yearling Chinook Steelhead

Salmonid Mortality Rates (%) due to Tern Predation: Anticipated Improvements due to Tern Dispersal Anticipated All Salmonids Coho Sub-yearling Chinook Yearling Chinook Steelhead

Cormorant and Tern Comparison TernCormorant Numbers (2006)18,40027,500 Population TrendStableIncreasing Size (g) % Salmon in Diet17 – 472 – 25 Chicks Raised per Pair0.4 – – 2.1 Present in EstuaryApril – mid AugustApril - September

Conclusions Tern relocation to East Sand Island benefited sub-yearling chinook and apparently cohoTern relocation to East Sand Island benefited sub-yearling chinook and apparently coho Planned dispersal of terns away from estuary provides some benefit for steelhead and coho, less for yearling chinook, little for sub-yearling chinookPlanned dispersal of terns away from estuary provides some benefit for steelhead and coho, less for yearling chinook, little for sub-yearling chinook Preliminary cormorant results suggest similar predation rates to terns, perhaps more impacts for sub-yearling chinookPreliminary cormorant results suggest similar predation rates to terns, perhaps more impacts for sub-yearling chinook Further cormorant work required to verify preliminary results, allow NEPA analysisFurther cormorant work required to verify preliminary results, allow NEPA analysis