12.2 Leaves Pages 546-551. Tea leaves Camellia sinsensis.

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Presentation transcript:

12.2 Leaves Pages

Tea leaves Camellia sinsensis

Leaves Site of : Photosynthesis Gas exchange Storage Protection from predators

Photosynthesis Glucose is used for fuelling cellular processes and as a building block for structural materials (cellulose)

Photosynthesis Oxygen is produced, required by all organisms for cellular respiration

Photosynthesis Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, so photosynthesis reduces carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

chloroplasts Organelles in plants, site of photosynthesis

Photopigments Pigments absorb certain wavelengths of light and reflect others Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light and reflects green light

Accessory pigments Accessory pigments absorb different colours of light

Protection Shape. For example: sharp spines in cacti Surface hairs. Toxins or bad-tasting chemicals to deter herbivores

Structure of Leaves Blade…flat part of the leaf Petiole…stalk-like structure attaches leaf to stem Simple leaf or compound leaf

Veins Venation is the pattern of veins Parallel veins are seen in monocots Branching veins are seen in eudicots

Internal Leaf Structure

Layers Waxy cuticle- prevents water loss -acts as a barrier for bacteria, mould and insects

Epidermis Transparent cells Single layer of cells No photosynthesis

Mesophyll Chloroplasts are found in mesophyll cells Palisade…elongated, tightly packed, contain many chloroplasts Spongy…loosely packed, large air spaces

Stoma (or stomata) Tiny pores through which gases move Guard cells control the opening and closing of the stomata

Specialized Leaves Storage of water and carbohydrates. example: onions

Storing water for example: aloe vera

Protection CactiTobacco

Protection against freezing Conifers have needle-shaped leaves that shed easily, have thick waxy cuticles, sunken stomata, and may contain antifreeze chemicals.

Human uses for leaves Teas Herbs and spices Food wraps (cabbage, grape, banana or bamboo leaves)

Dark leafy greens Contain Ca, Mg, K and Fe Vitamins B, C, E, and K Beta-carotene, omega-3 fats etc.

Other uses for leaves Waxes Religious ceremonies Construction materials

Drugs Digitalis is used to treat heart disease

Vincristine and vinblastine Treats childhood leukemia and Hodgkin’s disease.

Psychotropic Drugs Alter perception, emotion or behaviour THC tetrahydrocannabinol Coca …cocaine