2.1 Health in the 21 st Century Pg 29-32

Objectives Gain an understanding of the cholera bacterium and how it spreads as well as efforts to stop the spread. Describe low tech solutions to preventing outbreaks. Define epidemiology and terms associated with it.

From Aug 2008 to Jan 2009 there were over 40,000 confirmed cases of cholera in Zimbabwe. Over 2,000 of those were fatal. news/worldnews/africaandin dianocean/zimbabwe/ /Zimbabwe-cholera- epidemic-kills-2000.html

Spread of Cholera Carried in water by small animals called copepods and in their egg sacks. Burst from the egg sacks when the copepod hatches and feed on the egg shell.

Low Tech Solution

Bacterium Cholera still affects people around the world.

Now for a positive note… Epidemiology – the study of how diseases spread. – Ex: Rita Colwell studied the spread of the pathogen cholera. Vaccines – used to increase resistance to infection by a disease by injecting genetic information from a dead or weakened pathogen into a host (that’s you).

Genetics and Treating Diseases Genetics – the science of heredity – Gives insights into how a disease can be prevented, cured, or fought based on its genome. Genome – the complete set of genetic information for an organism.

2.2 Biology, Technology, and Society Pg 33-37

Objectives Describe how genetic engineering affects our lives. List new ways that biotechnology has provided for scientists to study biological processes. Apply ethics to biotechnology.

Topics Today: Biotechnology and Scientific Research Nanotechnology Biomolecular Materials Biomimetics Adapting Tools and Methods Public Safety Ethics of Biotechnology

Genetic Engineering A technology in which the genetic material of a living cell is changed.

Biotechnology and Scientific Research Fruit flies and alcoholism? Insulin and bacteria?

Nanotechnology Repairing damaged body tissue. Administering medication.

Biomolecular Materials Bacteria, rocks, and rivers Spiders and clothing

Biomimetics Velcro and burrs Lobster-Eye telescope

Tools and Methods Computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner.

Biometrics

Issues or problems? What are some possible ethical issues with genetic engineering or with recording biological information about a person?

2.3 Biology and the Environment Pg 38-42

Objectives Explain how biological research helps protect the environment. Explain how new technologies help us study the environment. Explain how community contributions can help to develop solutions for environmental problems.

Ecology – the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with their environment. Environmental Science – the study of ecology and the environment. – A.k.a. how living organisms affect their environment.

“Lost World” in New Guinea Golden-Mantled Tree Kangaroo

Smoky Honeyeater – the first new bird species to be found in New Guinea since 1939.

Golden-fronted bowerbird – known of since First picture taken in 2005 (below)

The List goes on …

Technology in Environmental Science Satellite Tagging – tracks the movement of animals to give info on food webs, and migration patterns. Can be used to help plan conservation plans.

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) – Combines information like GPS data with ocean temperatures. Allows scientists to monitor many related factors at once. Using GIS to predict optimal locations for growing cherries and coffee: – conference.html conference.html

Genetic tools, such as DNA fingerprinting and cloning may help save some endangered species from extinction. – ate-ia.html ate-ia.html Grey area, would you clone animals to prevent their extinction?