Integrated Lab Physical Science Chapter 1 The Metric System (aka SI Measurement) Mrs. Campbell

Lesson 1 What is Physical Science? Physical Science – the study of matter and energy. Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space. Mass – the amount of material an object has. Examples of Matter _______________________ ________________________________________ ______________________________________ Examples of NOT Matter ___________________ ________________________________________ ______________________________________

Two Areas of Physical Science Chemistry – the study of matter and how it changes. Physics – the study of how energy acts with matter. In 9 th grade Integrated Lab Physical Science, we study chemistry. In 11 th grade Applied Physics we study physics.

Science and Technology Science - the study of the world we live in. Technology uses science to create tools and techniques to solve practical problems. Examples of Technology ___________ _______________________________ _____________________________

The Tools of Physical Science Test Tube Used for small amounts of liquids.

Graduated Cylinder Used to accurately measure water and other liquids.

The Tools of Physical Science Erlenmeyer Flask

The Tools of Physical Science Beaker Used to mix chemicals and make solutions. Used to heat water and solutions. Not an accurate measuring tool.

The Tools of Physical Science Triple Beam Balance Used to find the mass of objects.

Lesson 2 Why Scientists Measure Measurements are important because we can not always trust observations made with our eyes. Measurements help us gather exact information. Exact measurements are important to scientists and many career areas.

Units of Measurements Unit - a known amount used for measuring. In order for a unit of measurement to be useful, it has to be the same for everyone. For example, when one scientist tells another scientist that something is a certain length, that measurement should mean the same to the both of them.

Systems of Measurements Customary System – the system we mostly use in our everyday lives. Examples include the inch, foot, mile, ounce, and pound. Metric System – The most common measurement system in the world. All scientists use the metric system. Examples include the meter, liter, and gram.

Lesson 3 Using Metric Units to Measure Length The Metric System is based on units of 10, as is our money system in the USA.

Using Meters Meter or m – the basic unit of length in the metric system. Meter stick – a common tool for measuring length. Centimeter or cm – a metric unit of length that is 1/100 th (or 0.01) of a meter. There are 100 cm in a meter.

Using Meters, con’t. Millimeter or mm – a metric unit of length that is 1/1000 th (0.001) of a meter. There are 1000 mm in a meter. There are 10 mm in a centimeter.

Using Meters, con’t. Kilometer or km – a metric unit of length that is used for long distances. A kilometer is to equal to 1,000 meters.

Length Equivalents 10 mm1 cm 1000 mm1 m 100 cm1 m 1000 m1 km

Using Metric Prefixes Once you understand how the meter stick is divided, you will know how to use other units of measurement in the metric system. These are the gram for mass and the liter for volume. All measurements must include the number followed by a unit.

Some Metric Prefixes PrefixMeaningUnit (Abbreviation) Kilo - (k)1000 xKilometer (km) Kilogram (kg) Kiloliter (kL) Centi – (c)1/100 th or 0.01 Centimeter (cm) Centigram (cg) Centiliter (cL) Milli – (m)1/1000 th or Millimeter (mm) Milligram (mg) Milliliter (mL)

Lesson 4 Using Metric Measurements to Find Area Area – the amount of space the surface of an object takes up. Exponent – a number that tells how many times another factor is a factor. Square centimeter (cm 2 ) means centimeter x centimeter.

Area Problem # 1 Area = length x width Area = 3 cm x 2 cm Area = 6 cm 2 1 cm

Area Problem # 2 Area = Length x width Area = 8.5 mm x 3.3 mm Area = mm mm 8.5 mm

Lesson 5 Using Metric Measurements to Find Volume Volume – the amount of space an object takes up. Cubic Centimeter or cm 3 - a metric unit of measure that means centimeter x centimeter x centimeter.

Volume of a Rectangle Volume = length x width x height Volume = 3 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm Volume = 12 cm 3 2 cm 3 cm 2 cm

Volume of a Liquid Liter – basic unit of volume for liquids in the metric system. Liter - L or l. Milliliter – mL. 1 cubic centimeter = 1 milliliter. 1 cm 3 = 1 mL

Accuracy & Precision Accuracy – the accuracy of a measurement is how close the measurement is to an exact value. Precision – the precision of a measurement is how close a group of measurements are to each other. A measurement can be precise without being accurate.

Lesson 6 Using Metric units to Measure Mass Gram or g – basic unit of mass in the metric system. Other units of mass - Kilogram or kg, centigram or cg, and milligram or mg.