BMM4733_Quality Engineering Industrial Engineering Chapter 1 Introduction to IE (Part 1) Mohamad Zairi bin Baharom Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Mohamad Zairi bin Baharom Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang

Learning objectives Learning Objectives:  Describe the history and development of industrial engineering  Explain the application and challenges of industrial engineering

History of Engineering Early developments Engineering & science developed in parallel Science is concerned with the quest for basic knowledge Engineering is concerned with the application of scientific knowledge to the solution of problems for better life Scientist & engineer might be the same person

. Nicolaus Copernicus Charles Darwin Albert Einstein History of Engineering (cont..)

Pyramids, Great Wall of China, wheel, water wheel, the sail,… Physical phenomena: overcoming friction, lifting, storing, hauling, fastening,…. Chemical & molecular phenomena: electricity, properties of materials, thermal processes, combustion,…. History of Engineering (cont..)

Fundamental to almost all engineering developments were the advances made in mathematics. The missing early development is related to the behavioral science.

History of Engineering (cont..) The modern era Civil engineering (road & bridge) Mechanical engineering (steam engine) Electrical engineering (telegraph, carbon-filament lamp) Chemical engineering (understand the nature of matter) Industrial engineering (The need for better mgmt system )

History of Engineering (cont..) Five major engineering disciplines “big 5” (civil, mechanical, electrical, chemical, industrial) emerged prior to world war 1 (1915) Following world war 2 (1941) – other eng disciplines: nuclear eng, electronic eng, aeronautical eng, computer eng

Development of IE Eli Whitney (1790) – concept of interchangeable manufacture for mass production system; manufacture muskets accurately Charles Babbage (1832) – systematic record of the details involved in factory operations; measured the cost and time required of performing each operation to manufacture a pound of pins & by rearrange workers according to the skills – On The Economy of Machinery and Manufactures

Frederick W. Taylor (1911) – father of scientific mgmt, analyze and improve the method of performing work, reduce times required and set std times to increase productivity Frank B. Gilbreth (1911) - identification, analysis and measurement of fundamental motions in performing work Dr. Lillian Gilbreth (1911) – first lady in engineering; concern for human welfare & human relation Development of IE (cont..)

Henry L. Gantt (1912) – pioneer of Gantt chart to provide systematic graphical procedure for preplanning and scheduling work activities, reviewing progress and updating the schedule Henry Ford (1913) – mass production of the automobile W. A. Shewart (1924) – developed the principle of Statistical quality control Peter Drucker (1968) – described the importance of scientific mgmt (today called industrial engineering) Development of IE (cont..)

Chronology of IE: Development of IE (cont..)

Industrial Engineering Definition of IE: “ IE is concerned with the design, improvement, and installation of integrated systems of people, materials, information, equipment and energy. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skill in the mathematical, physical, and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to specify, predict and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems” American Institute of Industrial Engineers, 1960s

IE Applications: Apply to any organization – manufacturing, agriculture, hospitals, banks, hotels, government organizations, etc Example in service industry: Hospital – to improve operations, eliminate waste, control inventories, schedule activities. Government service – to increase efficiency, reduce paperwork, design computerized mgmt ctrl system, project mgmt, etc Industrial Engineering (cont..)

Impact of related development: Impact of Operations Research Solving operational problems using appropriate scientific methods and principles Impact of Digital Computers Use PC to perform various analysis, to execute mathematical model, to plan & manage complex projects, to create data base, etc Emergence of Service Industries IE employ in service industry (hospital, banks, government organization) to improve their operations Industrial Engineering (cont..)

Challenges of the future: Designing products that are safe and reliable Accomplish the mission in recognition of the constraint. Increase efficiency Improve productivity Improve quality Involve in political issues to assist in the design of social systems Industrial Engineering (cont..)