Sam’s Puppy Sam brought home a tiny puppy. The puppy grew. Four weeks later, the puppy had grown to twice its original size. Which answer best explains why Sam’s puppy got bigger? A) The number of cells in the puppy’s body increased B) The puppy’s body absorbed the food it ate C) The puppy’s body cells grew larger as it got older D) Parts of the puppy’s body stretched out more

Cellular Processes: Mitosis EQ: How do cells obtain nutrients to grow and make needed materials?

The Cell Cycle: Mitosis In the time that you read this sentence you will have made millions of new cells Your cells die at a rate of about 50 million per second! Making new cells allows you to grow and replace cells that have died. The cellular process responsible for cell growth and repair is called mitosis

The Cell Cycle: Mitosis Mitosis, from the Greek word “mitos”, which means “thread” is the process that sorts the genetic material (chromosomes) into two new nuclei and makes sure both contain exactly the same genetic material

Cells --- they are just like us! Just as you pass through different stages in life, your cells pass through different stages in their life The Cell Cycle: Mitosis

The Cell Cycle: Mitosis The cell cycle starts when the cell is formed and ends when the cell divides and form new cells.

The Cell Cycle: Mitosis But before it can divide, it must make a copy of its deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

DNA The DNA is the hereditary material that controls all cell activities, including making new cells DNA is found in the nucleus The DNA is organized into structures called chromosomes.

Chromosomes Copying these chromosomes ensures that each new cell will be an exact copy of its parent cell. The parent cell is the cell that is copying itself

The Cell Cycle: Mitosis When eukaryotic cells divide, its their chromosomes must be replicated, and each of the new cells must receive only ONE copy of each chromosome. This process of the replication of chromosomes is called mitosis. http://glencoe.mcgraw- hill.com/sites/007874184x/student_view0/br ainpop_movies.html#

The Cell Cycle: Mitosis The big idea to remember is that mitosis is the simple duplication of a cell and all its parts

The Cell Cycle: Mitosis The DNA is duplicated and the two new cells, called daughter cells, have the same pieces and the same genetic code. Two identical copies come from one original. Start with one, get two that are the same. Get the picture?

Mitosis: The Phases Beyond the idea that two identical cells are created, there are certain steps to the process….. There are five (5) basic phases in the life- cycle of a cell You should remember PMATI Prophase – Metaphase-Anaphase-Telophase- Interphase

Mitosis: The Phases Prophase – the cell gets the idea that it is time to divide Metaphase– all the pieces are aligning themselves for the big split Anaphase --- here we go! The separation begins Telophase --- the division is finishing Interphase – time to rest up, and just be a cell!

Prophase The cell gets the idea that it is time to divide The chromosomes coil and condense, becoming short, thick rodlike structures. Generally takes 5 to 10 minutes

Metaphase All the pieces are aligning themselves for the big split. Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell (the equator) The nuclear membrane dissolves. Generally takes 5 to 10 minutes

Anaphase Here we go! The separation begins Half the chromosomes go to one side of the cell, the other half go the other way. Generally takes 5 minutes

Telophase The division is finishing up. The cell membrane begins to pinch the cell in two to divide the cytoplasm. A new nuclear membrane forms each new daughter cell. Daughter cells contain the same genetic material found in the original cell and as each other. Generally takes 15 to 20 minutes

Interphase Ahhhh… time to rest and just be a cell and carry on cell functions. But it’s also getting ready for another duplication 94% of the time, cells are in interphase

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Mitosis Flip Book Instructions Use your notes, your book (pgs. 100-101), or your IT to get the necessary information You will be illustrating the changes that take place during cell division. The first oval (or ovals) in EACH phase should show the location of the organelles (nucleus, chromosomes, etc) at that stage. Use the extra ovals to show the movement of organelles between the stages At the bottom (or on the back) of each sheet, describe what is happening during that stage. Once you have completed the drawings, carefully cut out each page, organize from first to last and staple! Flip through your flip book to view cell division! Want/need some extra credit??? Add color