 Shield Volcano  Cinder Cone  Composite Volcano  Caldera  Volcanic Neck  Dike  Sill  Batholith  Geothermal Activity  Geyser

Volcanic eruptions create landforms made of lava, ash, and other materials. Landforms: shield volcanoes, cinder cone volcanoes, composite volcanoes, and lava plateaus. Shield Volcano

Cinder Cone Volcano

Composite Volcano

People often settle close to volcanoes to take advantage of the fertile volcanic soil. (Fertile Soil -able to support plant growth. )

 When volcanic ash breaks down, it releases potassium, phosphorus, and other substances that plants need.  Some volcanic soils are among the richest soils in the world.

Volcanic Neck Dike Sill Landforms from Magma

Batholith

 Dome Mountains – form when an uplift pushes a batholith or smaller body of hardened magma toward the surface. The hardened magma forces the layers of rock to bend upward into a dome shape.

Geo – meaning “Earth” Therme – meaning “heat” In geothermal activity, magma a few kilometers beneath Earth’s surface heats underground water.

 Hot Springs – form when groundwater is heated by a nearby body of magma or by hot rock deep underground.

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