AP Chapter 13-2

Following Mexican War and Defeat of the Wilmot Proviso Expansion of slavery into the territories is the critical question Expansion of slavery into the territories is the critical question

Free Soil Movement NOT abolitionist NOT abolitionist Wanted to preserve west for “yeoman farmers” Wanted to preserve west for “yeoman farmers”

Frederick Douglass Father/master Father/master Autobiography Autobiography Lectures w/ Garrison Lectures w/ Garrison Split w/ Garrison Split w/ Garrison The North Star The North Star

1849 – Gold Rush Statehood for CA would disrupt balance in the Senate (15-15) Statehood for CA would disrupt balance in the Senate (15-15)

Options for slavery in the territories: Calhoun – slavery legal everywhere Calhoun – slavery legal everywhere Extend Missouri Comp line to Pacific Extend Missouri Comp line to Pacific Stephen Douglas – Popular Sovereignty Stephen Douglas – Popular Sovereignty Chase/Seward – eliminate slavery altogether Chase/Seward – eliminate slavery altogether

Debate and Compromise Clay, Webster, Calhoun Clay, Webster, Calhoun Compromise of 1850 Compromise of 1850 CA free state popular sovreignty elsewhere CA free state popular sovreignty elsewhere Texas cedes terr to NM Texas cedes terr to NM Slave trade ended in DC, stricter Fugitive Slave Law Slave trade ended in DC, stricter Fugitive Slave Law

States’ Rights and Slavery Nullification Nullification Property rights? Property rights?

1851 – Uncle Tom’s Cabin Harriet Beecher Stowe Harriet Beecher Stowe

Northern Fears of the “Slave Power” – “Planter Elite”

Expansion and Growth Since 1800: tripled in size, pop. Grew from 5.3 million to 23 million Since 1800: tripled in size, pop. Grew from 5.3 million to 23 million Too large??? Too large???

Kansas-Nebraska Act “Bleeding Kansas” “Bleeding Kansas” Lecompton Constitution Lecompton Constitution Sack of Lawrence Sack of Lawrence John Brown – Pottawatomie Creek John Brown – Pottawatomie Creek

1857 – Dred Scott Decision Taney – Scott can’t sue, Congress can’t prohibit slavery Taney – Scott can’t sue, Congress can’t prohibit slavery

Election of % voter turnout 79% voter turnout

1858 – Lincoln Douglas Debates “A house divided against itself…” “A house divided against itself…”

John Brown’s Raid Single most divisive event? Single most divisive event?

Election of 1860

Southern Secession S.C. first S.C. first 6 more before Lincoln’s inauguration 6 more before Lincoln’s inauguration 4 more following fort Sumter 4 more following fort Sumter Importantly, 4 slave states remain in the union Importantly, 4 slave states remain in the union

North’s Options Let ‘em go Let ‘em go Compromise Compromise Force them to stay Force them to stay

Establishment of Confederacy

Lincoln’s Inauguration Death Threats Death Threats Inaugural Address Inaugural Address