Desert: The Biome of Extremes By: Lucas, Melissa, Trevor, Alicia, and David.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Terrestrial Environments Around the World
Advertisements

Desert Biome By: B.B To: Mr. B. Mac Neil Date due :April 19,2006.
Land Biomes.
Chapter 25 Modern Earth Science
What Factors Affect the Climate in Canada
Chapter 2 – Section 3 Climate, Weather and Vegetation
What causes Climate ? Text Book page #
Chapter 25.1 “Factors that Affect Climate”
Unit 3 Lesson 6 What Factors Affect Climate?
Earth’s Climate and Vegetation
3-2: World Climates.
What Factors Affect the Climate in Canada
Science ~ chapter 9 climate
What are biomes? Biomes are regions of the world with similar climate, animals, and plants.
Major Deserts of the World. Picture from National Geographic’s Surviving the Sahara.
DESERTS. WHAT IS A DESERT? Deserts cover more than one fifth of the Earth's land and they are found on every continent. Deserts can be "hot" or "cold".
Desert Biome By: Holli Wright & Jordan Durst. Location – Southern states: Arizona, Texas, New Mexico – Australia – South West Africa – South America.
Climate  Climatology is the study of Earth’s climate and factors affecting it Climate describes long term variations in weather (30+ years)
Desert Biomes-Meteorologist
What is a desert? Deserts can be hot or cold but they are always dry. They receive less than 25 cm of precipitation annually. They cover 22 million km.
By Zak MacMurray, Jakob Conn, Josh Brown, and Connor Gagnon.
Agenda: 8-29 & *World Map Test this Fri. *Desert Wksht Due next block day Supplies: *map pencils *pen or pencil Focus: Label the oceans 1.
2-1. A. Weather – condition of the bottom layer of the earth’s atmosphere in one place over a short period of time B. The weather in one place might be.
By: Chelsea Sidebottom and Amber Curtsinger
U1LG3: Climates & Biomes Criteria for Success:
Climate.
World Biomes Deserts. Global Air Circulation.
DESERT BIOMES DESERT – AN AREA WHERE EVAPORATION EXCEEDS PRECIPITATION.
VCE Biology Unit 2 Area of Study 01 Adaptations of Organisms Living in extreme terrestrial environments.
Adaptations of Plants and Animals
Chapter 4 .1 What Causes Climate?
CLIMATE REGIONS. Found near low latitudes—tropical rain forests and tropical savanna Hot and wet year round with an average temperature of 80° Yearly.
What causes climate ?.
EARTH’S CLIMATE. Latitude – distance north or south of equator Elevation – height above sea level Topography – features on land Water Bodies – lakes and.
S6E2.c. relate the tilt of earth to the distribution of sunlight through the year and its effect on climate.
WORLD CLIMATES. WEATHER AND CLIMATE Weather is the atmospheric conditions here and now. Climate is an average of conditions in a particular place over.
Chapter 18 – Climate and Climate Change
Climate Climate and Biomes. What is weather?  The condition of the atmosphere at a particular time.
Objective: To know that climate is often defined by annual temperatures and precipitation amounts.
Two characteristics of Climate that are most important: 1) The average temperature over the year 2) The annual temperature range (difference between the.
Climate and Weather David M. Hassenzahl ENV 206: Introduction to Climate Change.
This is because they would not be able to live in the hot sun and heat. They only come out in the night when it is a little cooler.
Deserts. Definition A desert is an area that receives less than 16 inches (40cm) of rain a year. The evaporation rate exceeds the precipitation rate.
Climatic Controls: Water Bodies and Continents. How are water bodies and land masses connected? Water bodies provide sources of moisture for the land.
The Oceans. Ocean-Atmosphere Links Exchange of water, carbon dioxide (gases) and heat. Surface currents are driven by atmospheric circulation.
Biomes 4 th grade Science By Alexandra Vakula. Rainforest  An Endangered Biome  Has at least 70 in. of rain a year  Has more species of plants and.
Chapter 5 Lesson 3 Global Patterns Pgs. 164 – 169 Benchmark: SC.6.E.7.3.
Climate: The average, year-after-year conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds and clouds in an area.
World Geography Climates Climates of the world. Warm up List as many climates as you can think of.
What is it?.  Climate is the name for the general conditions of temperature and precipitation for an area over a long period of time.
The 7 major factors that affect climate…
Climate regions 2 Period. Tropical Wet  Always hot with an average temperature of 80 degrees Fahrenheit.  Average amount of rain in a year is over 80.
CLIMATE REGIONS By: Annette Miles With additional notes by: Miss Mills.
Climate. Weather vs. Climate Weather – the condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place. – Short-term: Hours and days – Localized: Town,
Terrestrial Biomes Ch 6 SEV2.c: Characterize the components that define a Biome. Abiotic factors-to include precipitation, temperature and soils. Biotic.
Biodiversity total number of species within an ecosystem and the resulting complexities of interactions among them Biomes all of the life-supporting regions.
Earth Science Notes Climate.
Deserts have these qualities:
Climate and Weather.
Climate Causes and Zones.
10oC 20oC 30oC 40oC 0oC Mind Stretcher Cold Nice Warm Hot Ice
Climate Classification
Climates of Earth.
Unit 3 Lesson 6 What Factors Affect Climate?
Climate Classification
Climate: Causes and Classification
Climate.
CLIMATE.
Climate Climate Latitude
Climate: Causes and Classification
Presentation transcript:

Desert: The Biome of Extremes By: Lucas, Melissa, Trevor, Alicia, and David

Climatic and geographic factors that cause deserts and determine location Life in deserts and mechanisms for survival Citations for references From our presentation you will learn: What makes a desert a desert Where deserts are found

What is a Desert? “A desert is a region with mean annual precipitation of less than 10 inches, with potential to evaporate more water than falls as precipitation, and so little vegetation that it cannot support abundant life.” – Professors Jean Bahr and Chuck DeMets University of Wisconsin-Madison University of Wisconsin-Madison

Where are deserts found? United States Mexico South America Africa South Central Asia Australia Antarctica NOT EUROPE

What Causes Deserts? Deserts are classified by location and weather patterns. There are several overlapping classification systems. To keep it simple here is one system with four classes of desert: Subtropical Deserts Polar Deserts Coastal Deserts Mid-Latitude Deserts

Subtropical Deserts Two 5 o strips at 30 o north and 30 o south latitudes (see map) Air currents heat up as they move toward the equator, causing “trade winds” Dry winds drive away clouds, more sunlight heats the land

Subtropical Deserts, cont. Air masses hold a great amount of water vapor, “wicking” moisture away from land underneath Most major hot deserts are subtropical deserts Example: Sahara Desert – world’s largest hot desert million square miles –temperatures can reach 57° C (135° F)

Cool Coastal Deserts Found along the coastline at same latitudes as subtropical deserts Average temperature much cooler due to cold offshore ocean currents Example: Atacama Desert of Chile –All moisture in form of fog –No rain for 40 or 400 years (depending on source)

Polar Deserts Cover nearly 52 million square kilometres Mostly bedrock or gravel Caused by location on planet –Low-angle sunlight causes cold conditions –Cold air carries little moisture Example: McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica

Mid-Latitude Deserts Found in continental interiors, between 30°-50° N. and S. Caused by either land barriers or distance from oceans (continentality) Very hot summers, very cold winters Example: Gobi Desert of Mongolia

Other Deserts Paleodeserts: ancient deserts in areas no longer dry Example: Nebraska Sand Hills Extraterrestrial deserts: deserts on other planets Example: Martian “Sand Seas”

Challenges of Desert Life  Temperature extremes  Lack of water  Scarce food

Life in the ~Hot~ Desert Physical Adaptation Behaviour AnimalsPlants

Animal Adaptation Behavior  Estivation – summer hibernation  Nocturnal feeding  Daytime rest – dens, holes, shade  Energy conservation Physical  Careful kidneys  Salt glands (no sweat glands)  Skin structures  Light colouration  Life cycle regulation

Plant Adaptation Cactus (Americas) and euphorbia (Africa)  Shallow root systems - stability and moisture  No leaves, green trunk can photosynthesize  Can store a lot of water (A saguaro stores 910 kilograms of water!) Other Plants  Far-reaching root systems, horizontal or vertical  Compact growth  Leaves small, absent, or ephemeral (ex: ocotillo)  Thick cuticle (waxy layer) or “fur” on leaves

Interesting Information 1/3 of Earth’s land surface covered by deserts Largest desert plant: saguaro of N. America 40 different species of rodents found in the Sahara Desert 1200 different species of insects found in Sahara Desert Camels drink water up to 25% of their body weight Hottest recorded temperature: 56.6ºC. Death Valley, USA

Works Cited Utah Education Network: Temperature converter: State of Utah Resources Web: Types of deserts USGS: pubs.usgs.gov/gip/deserts/types/ Earth Science Explorer (in cooperation with NASA) s.html

Works Cited, cont. U.Minnesota Geography 106 lecture notes 0/Lecture_links/demets_l5.html The Learning Network: Köppen Climate Classification The World's Biomes, UC Berkeley: biome/deserts.html