CHAPTER 2: BASIC OF OPEN SOURCE OPERATING SYSTEM Part 1

2  1983, AT&T is splitted  It can sell software  There is a great market for Operating System  Major hardware vendors need OS  AT&T is selling UNIX System v4 and licensing it  AIX for IBM, HP-UX for HP, …  BSD is a real danger for AT&T’s market  BSD is not supported  BSD should not be used in commercial

3  AT&T sold UNIX as much as possible  Novel bought UNIX code and License  Novel sold the code and license after 2 years  Santa Cruz Operating System  Microsoft developed Xenix  Based on UNIX VIII  It was NOT successful

4  Tanenbaum developed free OS  Its name is Minix  Minix is based on UNIX  Source code available, Modification is restricted  It cannot run on 32bit processors

5  Develop a free OS for 32bit (Intel) processors  Title of a Finnish student’s MS thesis  The student is Linus Benedict Torvalds

6  Birthday  25 August 1991  Linux 0.02  It was developed in MINIX  It run on (32bit microprocessor)  It had a terminal emulator & C compiler  Linus posted the code to Minix mailing list  He requested feedback

7 1)Reliability  The majority of Linux variants and versions are notoriously reliable and can often run for months and years without needing to be rebooted. Majoriti varian dan versi Linux yang terkenal boleh berfungsi/berjalan selama beberapa bulan dan tahun tanpa perlu reboot. 2)Scalability  Support Wide Range of Hardware

3) Security  Linux programs are designed to operate in a more secure manner as isolated processes.  Linux (and Mac OS X) prevent any real damage occurring on a system unless the user is logged in with the highest levels of permissions as root or administrator. Program Linux direka bentuk untuk beroperasi dengan cara yang lebih selamat Linux (dan Mac OS X) mengelakkan sebarang kerosakan sebenar yang berlaku pada sistem kecuali pengguna log masuk dengan tahap tertinggi kebenaran sebagai root atau pentadbir.

9 Kernel???  Kernel is the main component of most computer operating systems; it is a bridge between applications and the actual data processing done at the hardware level. A kernel connects the application software to the hardware of a computer

10  Both Linux and Windows are monolithic  All core operating system services run in a shared address space in kernel-mode Semua perkhidmatan sistem teras operasi yang dijalankan dalam ruang alamat dikongsi dalam mode kernel  All core operating system services are part of a single module Semua perkhidmatan teras sistem operasi adalah sebahagian daripada modul tunggal Windowing is handled differently:  Windows has a kernel-mode Windowing subsystem  Linux has a user-mode X-Windowing system

11 Device Drivers Process Management, Memory Management, I/O Management, etc. X-Windows Application System Services User Mode Kernel Mode Hardware Dependent Code Linux Device Drivers Process Management, Memory Management, I/O Management, etc. Win32 Windowing Application System Services User Mode Kernel Mode Hardware Dependent Code Windows

1)Fedora Core Official website: wwwwww.fedoraproject.orgwww.fedoraproject.org

2)Knoppix Official website:

3) Debian GNU/Linux Official website:

4) OpenSUSE Official website:

5) Ubuntu Official website:

6) Slackware Official website:

7) Gentoo Official website: