Chapter 29 AFFLUENCE AND ANXIETY. Levittown, PA Birthrate, 1940–1970.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 29 AFFLUENCE AND ANXIETY

Levittown, PA

Birthrate, 1940–1970

The Reaction to Sputnik  1957: Russians launched Sputnik  American response National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) National Defense Education Act—upgrade the teaching of science

Truman and the Fair Deal  Fair Deal attempted to expand New Deal Medical Insurance for all Americans Revived and strengthened Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC) Federal aid to education  Fair Deal failed Doctor’s lobby convinced people that insurance plan was “socialized medicine” Southerners opposed FEPC and aid to education

Eisenhower's Modern Republicanism  Eisenhower left New Deal intact Raised minimum wage and expanded Social Security Created Department of Health, Education, and Welfare  1956: Highway Act created interstate highway system Stimulated the economy Shaped metropolitan growth patterns 

The Interstate Highway System

The Election of 1956

Civil Rights as a Political Issue  Truman’s civil-rights legislation failed  Civil rights made part of the liberal Democratic agenda  Truman integrated the armed forces

Desegregating the Schools  1954: Brown v. Board of Education “Separate but equal” unconstitutional Desegregate "with all deliberate speed"  Massive resistance in Deep South  1957: Eisenhower’s actions Federal troops sent to Little Rock, Arkansas Commission on Civil Rights established

The Beginnings of Black Activism  NAACP: Pressed for civil rights in courts  1955: Martin Luther King, Jr. led Montgomery bus boycott  1956: Southern Christian Leadership Conference directed anti-segregation  Sit-ins protested segregation laws  1960: Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)