SECTION 3 The War at Home

Organizing Industry Congress created special boards to coordinate mobilization of the economy Government didn’t control the economy, instead these boards did, emphasizing cooperation between big business and government Goal was to ensure most efficient use of national resources to further the war effort

The War Industries Board War Industries Board (WIB)- job was to coordinate the production of war materials President Wilson didn’t give the WIB authority over the economy at first, but by March 1918 he decided industrial production needed better coordination Bernard Baruch was appointed to run it WIB told manufacturers what they could and could not produce Controlled the flow of raw materials, ordered the construction of new factories, and occasionally set prices, with Wilson’s approval

Food Administration Read this section Understand the Food Administration Victory gardens Daylight savings time

Selling the War and War Financing Read this section Understand how the government planned to pay for the war Liberty and Victory Bonds

Liberty Bonds

Victory Bonds

Women Support Industry The war increased working opportunities for women Filled industrial jobs that were vacated by men serving in the military War-generated changed for women were not permanent When men returned after the war women returned to their previous job or stopped working

Great Migration With the flow of immigrants from Europe cut off and large numbers of white workers being drafted, the war opened new doors for African Americans Thousands of African Americans flocked to factory vacancies 300, ,000 African Americans fled the Southern cities moving to Northern cities, the Great Migration Altered racial makeup of  Chicago  New York  Cleveland  Detroit

Selling the War George Creel was in charge of selling the war to the people He was the head of the Committee of Public Information CPI He recruited advertising executives, commercial artists, authors, songwriters, entertainers, public speakers and motion picture companies to sway public opinion in favor of war

Civil Liberties Espionage- spying to acquire secret government information Espionage Act of established penalties and prison terms for anyone who gave aid to the enemy  Penalized disloyalty, giving false reports, or otherwise interfering with the war effort Post Office even hired college professors to translate foreign periodicals to find out if they contained antiwar messages Sedition Act further expanded the Espionage Act, allowing officials to prosecute anyone who criticized the president or the government