CLASSIFICATION Of LIVING THINGS
WHAT IS CLASSIFICATION? SORTING LIVING THINGS INTO GROUPS BASED ON THEIR SIMILARITIES WHY?
We classify because: Diversity creates a need to classify, so we…... Sort living things into categories to…... understand characteristics of living things.
CLASSIFY LIVING THINGS ANIMALS PLANTS Leaves Fur No Fur All Lose year
Taxonomy - the scientific study of how things are classified.
ARISTOTLE Made the first system of classification
Carolus Linnaeus made today’s classification system. Binomial nomenclature: 2 part name based on shared characteristics. CANIS LUPUS
lUPUS CANIS Genus is a classification grouping that contains The first part of the organism’s scientific name is its genus & it is capitalized. Genus is a classification grouping that contains similar, closely related organisms. lUPUS CANIS
The 2nd part is the Species and it is lower case Recall, species are organisms that can mate and produce offspring CANIS lUPUS
Why would you want to classify organisms ??
TO MAKE THINGS EASIER!
Taxonomic Key or dichotomous key A series of paired statements that describe physical characteristics of organisms
TWO DOMAINS: ARCHAE & EUKARYA
Seven Levels of Classification: Example of lion classification Domain Kingdom animals Animalia Phylum backbone Chordato Class mammal Mammalia Order carniovre Carnivora Family feline Felidae Genus panther Panthera Species lion Leo
OR create ur own! How do u remember the 7 levels? Use one of these mnemonics: Domain Do Do Kingdom Kings Kids Phylum Play Put Class Chess Catsup Order On On Family Flat Fried Genus Glass Garlic Species Surfaces Sandwiches OR create ur own!
Living things grouped in 6 kingdoms: Archaebacteria Kingdom Eubacteria Kingdom Protista
Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Animalia
Archaebacteria Unicellular organisms that already existed billions of years before the dinosaurs. Scientist’s think they were the earliest form of life.
Archaebacteria Live in extreme environments and can survive where no other organisms can. Unicellular Prokaryotes
Eubacteria These bacteria are constantly on & around us. Good (in yogurt) & bad (strep throat) bacteria Unicellular Prokaryotes
Obtaining Food Some bacteria are autotrophic and make their own food the same way plants do. Others are heterotrophic which means they consume a variety of foods from milk to meat.
3 shapes of bacteria Bacillius – rod shaped Coccus – spherical Sprillia - spiral
PROTISTS Have u ever walked on the beach and seen tangled piles of seaweed? Protist kingdom is called the odds and ends kingdom Some r autotrophs, some r heterotrpohs - most r unicellular but a few like seaweed r multicellular
FUNGI Mushrooms, molds and mildews Multicellular heterotrophs eukaryotes Mushrooms, molds and mildews Exception: yeast is unicellular Most feed on dead & decaying organisms
PLANTS: vascular & non-vascular gymnosperms angiosperms
ANIMALS Multicellular Eukaryotes Dog, flea cat cow, monkey, wasp, tarantula, human, fish, worm, etc.
THINK ABOUT IT...
What name do we give bacteria? A. Eukaryote B. Prokaryote
Why do scientists classify organisms? A. For organization B. To determine where new organisms fit in C. A and B
What is the genus and species name for man? A. Homo Sapiens B. Homo Erectus C. Homozygote
How do autotrophs and heterotrophs differ? A. One goes thru mitosis & the other does not B. One makes its own food and the other does not
Which kingdom consists of: Molds? Seaweed? Yeast? Helpful bacteria? fungi protist fungi eubacteria