WWII: Life on the Home Front How did the Second World War affect the US economy? What role did women and minority groups play in World War II?

Four minority groups were particularly affected by the Second World War Women African Americans Japanese Americans Najavo Indians (Native Americans)

Based on the pictures, which groups do you think benefited Based on the pictures, which groups do you think benefited? Which were affected negatively? Women African Americans Japanese Americans Najavo Indians (Native Americans)

Women entered manufacturing jobs that men left behind when they went overseas to fight 1941-14.6 million women in the workforce 1944-19.4 million women in the workforce

Gains in women’s rights during the 20th century… 19th Amendment passed in 1920-changes the Constitution to give women suffrage

Women Produced Wartime goods

Rosie the Riveter "Do the Job He Left Behind" was a campaign slogan that emphasized women’s patriotism for the war effort.

    “Rosies” worked on all phases of manufacturing, from electrical wiring to putting the finishing touches on a bomber.

    In 1945 the US manufactured 300,000 airplanes, 80,000 landing craft, 100,000 tanks and armored cars, 6 million rifles, carbines and machine guns, and 41 million rounds of ammunition

    The War Production Board helped turn the industry from peacetime into a manufacturing WAR MACHINE.

As manufacturing and production increased, the US GDP rose the economy dramatically improved.

Nurses in the army Women also became nurses overseas

The US is still in segregation during WWII…the military is segregated as well Plessy v. Ferguson… “Separate but equal” Segregated military

“…freedom from want…freedom from fear…” Who does this apply to? The US is still in segregation during WWII…the military is segregated as well Plessy v. Ferguson… “Separate but equal” …does this reflect FDR’s “Four Freedoms”? “…freedom from want…freedom from fear…” Who does this apply to?

Tuskegee Airmen The Tuskegee Airmen formed the first African American fighting unit in the US military They were permitted to enter the military and fight once the US faced mounting casualties

Tuskegee Airmen The Tuskegee Airmen formed the first African American fighting unit in the US military They were permitted to enter the military and fight once the US faced mounting casualties 445 deployed, 150 died in combat

Tuskegee Airmen What were some of the accomplishments of the Tuskegee Airmen? Check your book on page 595!

Tuskegee Airmen 150 Distinguished Flying Crosses 14 Bronze Stars 744 Air Medals 8 Purple Hearts

Navajo Code Talkers Members of the Navajo tribe, a Native American tribe mainly from the New Mexico area, were recruited to speak in code to prevent the Japanese from intercepting American messages

Navajo Code Chart (Examples) Alphabet Navajo Word Literal Translation A Wol-La-Chee Ant B Na-Hash-Chid Badger C Moasi Cat D Be Deer E Ah-Jah Ear F Ma-E Fox Country Navajo Word Literal Translation Africa Shin-Ni Blackies Alaska Beh-Hga With Winter America Ne-He-Mah Our Mother Germany Bech-Be-Cha-He Iron Hat Russia Sila-Gol-Chi-Ih Red Army

Efforts to destroy the Native American culture and people Recall what we did to the Native American tribes during Westward Expansion… Efforts to destroy the Native American culture and people We tried to destroy their culture…but now we need their culture to win WWII? Assimilation Reservations Indian Wars Killing of the buffalo “We took away their country and their means of support, broke up their mode of living, their habits of life, and it was for this they made war.” -General Philip Sheridan Wounded Knee Sand Creek Massacre

Japanese-American Internment After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, many Americans became afraid that Japanese-Americans were a threat to the national security of the United States.

Japanese-American Internment Acting on these fears, Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, which declared that all Japanese Americans must report to internment camps.

Japanese-American Internment These Japanese-Americans had to pack up their lives and leave their homes behind. Some left behind businesses and jobs that they would have difficulty regaining upon their return.

Japanese-American Internment Internment camps were crowded, too hot in the summer, and too cold in the winter.

Japanese-American Internment In the case Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court said that Japanese internment was constitutional (legal). They said it was for a military purpose meant to benefit the war effort, and therefore not an act of discrimination.

Japanese-American Internment This shows, once again, that civil rights sometimes don’t apply to all people at all times. Remember Schenck v. US?

Group Assignment Get in groups of 3 or 4. Answer the following questions in your own words and complete sentences. Minorities- p.493 #4. African Americans- p.491 #1-2. Women p. 492 #1-2. Women p. 501 #1-2. Japanese p.505 #1-3 Navajo p. 514 People IN HISTORY question. Yes, write the questions.