Industrial Innovations 8.H.3.2 Explain how changes brought about by technology and other innovations affected individuals and groups in North Carolina and the United States.

The Industrial Revolution Movement to replace human labor with machines (industrialization)

Sectionalism in America America began to divide as a result of industrialization –North – Industrial –West – “Breadbasket” of the country –South – Cotton and Slavery

Why is America successful in Industrializing? 1. Rich, Fertile Soil 2. Unused western lands 3. Stable legal and political systems 4. Capitalism, Free market economy 5. Language (shared with England, leader of Industrial Revolution)

Transportation Steam Power –James Watt invents steam engine –Robert Fulton invents steamship “Clermont” Could go “up stream” How does this change transportation?

James Watt

Transportation Railroads –The “Iron Horse” 1830 – America has 13 miles of rail 1850 – 9000 miles of rail 1860 – 31,000 miles of rail

Railroad and Steamship Effects 1.Spurred further Industrial Growth 2.New Jobs created 3.Boosted agriculture and fishing industries 4.People able to take distant city jobs 5.People able to travel further distances

Transportation Canals –Erie Canal – connected Hudson River to the Great Lakes –Opened trade between the Northeast and the Midwest –Took 8 years to build ( ) –Cost $7 million ($131,040, today)

Warm-up 1.Based on the innovations discussed yesterday, of which was the most important to you and why? 2. We focused largely on the positive aspects of the Industrial Revolution. Can you think of any negative consequences/side effects that occurred?

“Yankee Ingenuity” New Inventions –Eli Whitney, Cotton Gin, Interchangeable Parts –John Deere, Steel Plow –Cyrus McCormick, Mechanical Reaper –Samuel Morse, Telegraph –Isaac Singer, Sewing Machine

The mechanical reaper The mechanical reaper: Speed, efficiency, less work

Sewing Machine –Invented in 1843 by Isaac M. Singer Isaac was born in1811 in Pittstown, New York to German Jewish Immigrants He earned millions with this invention

Telegraph In 1844, Samuel Morse demonstrates his telegraph by sending a message to Baltimore from the chambers of the Supreme Court in Washington, DC. The message, "What hath God wrought?," marks the beginning of a new era in communication. The telegraph used dots and dashes to send messages over electric lines. These dots and dashes became known as Morse Code.

-Whitney’s machine could generate up to fifty pounds of cleaned cotton daily, making cotton production profitable for the southern states.

Life in the South during the Industrial Revolution The “Cotton Kingdom” –Wholly Rural –Plantation Economy – economy based on large farms –Reliant entirely on northern manufacturing –Economy based on Cotton and Slavery 1830 – 35% of southerners owned slaves 1860 – 26% of southerners owned slaves