Kinesiology for Manual Therapies Chapter 1 Foundations of Structural Kinesiology McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Learning Outcomes 1-1 Define structural kinesiology and functional anatomy. 1-2 Review the terminology used to describe body-part locations, reference positions, and anatomical directions. 1-3 Recognize the planes of motion and their respective axes of rotation in relation to human movement. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Learning Outcomes 1-4 Identify the various types of bones and joints in the human body and their characteristics. 1-5 Describe and demonstrate the joint movements.

Introduction Kinesiology – the science of muscle movement Structural kinesiology – the study of muscles, bones, and joints as they are involved in the science of movement Functional anatomy – functional actions of muscles McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Reference Positions Anatomical Position McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Anatomical Directional Terminology McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Body Regions Axial region Appendicular region Cephalic, cervical, trunk, upper, and lower extremities McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Planes of Motion Anatomical Planes of Reference McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Axes of Rotation McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Skeletal System McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Skeletal Functions Protects vital soft tissue Supports to maintain posture Facilitates movement Stores minerals Enables hemopoiesis McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Types of Joints Synarthrodial (immovable joints) Suture Syndesmosis Gomphosis McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Types of Joints (cont.) Amphiarthrodial Symphysis Synchondrosis McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Types of Joints (cont.) Diarthrodial Joints Arthrodial – gliding Condyloid – biaxial ball-and-socket Enarthrodial – ball-and-socket Ginglymus – hinge Sellar – saddle Trochoid – pivot McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Types of Joints (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Movements in Joints Abduction Adduction Flexion Extension Circumduction External Rotation Internal Rotation McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Terms Describing Ankle and Foot Movements Eversion Inversion Dorsiflexion Plantarflexion Pronation Supination McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Terms Describing Radioulnar Joint Movements Pronation Supination McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Terms Describing Shoulder Girdle Movements Elevation Depression Rotation Upward Rotation Downward Protraction (Abduction) Retraction (Adduction) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Terms Describing Shoulder Joint Movements Horizontal Abduction Horizontal Adduction McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Terms Describing Spine Movements Lateral Flexion – Side Bending Extension – Reduction Rotation McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Terms Describing Wrist and Hand Movements Dorsal Flexion – Extension Palmar Flexion Radial Flexion Ulnar Flexion Opposition of the Thumb Reposition of the Thumb McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Chapter Summary Reference positions, anatomical directional terminology, body regions, planes of motion, and axes of rotation will assist the student to have a foundation for the kinesiology of movement. The skeletal system, types of joints, and basic movements provide a foundation for building the knowledge of each muscle, location, origin, insertion, and actions. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

The questions are designed for the students to test their knowledge. Chapter Review The Chapter Review is divided into true and false, short answers, and multiple choice questions. The questions are designed for the students to test their knowledge. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Explore and Practice Students should utilize the charts at the end of the chapter to practice relationships of movement, the joints, and the planes of motion. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved