Prokaryotic Cells vs Eukaryotic Cells. Types of Cells There are two main types of cells These different types of cells are different in size, structure,

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Presentation transcript:

Prokaryotic Cells vs Eukaryotic Cells

Types of Cells There are two main types of cells These different types of cells are different in size, structure, organelles and complexity These different types of cells make up the living world that we experience

Types of Cells Prokaryotic Cells consist of… – Bacteria – Archaea Eukaryotic cells consist of… – Protists – Fungi – Plants – Animals

Prokaryotic Cells Prokaryotic are organisms made up of cells that lack a cell nucleus or any membrane-encased organelles – “pro” – Before – “karyotic” - Nut They are much simpler than their eukaryotic counterparts

Prokaryotic Cells All cells have three main features in common Chromosomes are area of genetic information storage in a cell Ribosomes make proteins based on the information from the chromosomes Cytoplasm is interior fluid that helps store and dissolve

Prokaryotic Cells Prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells because they lack a membrane bound nucleus This means their chromosomes are coiled into a mass in the center of the cell This mass of chromosomes is called a nucleoid

Prokaryotic Cells Most prokaryotes have a fairly rigid cell wall that protects and supports the cell Most times this wall is made of a substance called peptidoglycan This is the thing most antibiotics try to destroy

Video m/watch?v=RBrwiiJ8qx o m/watch?v=RBrwiiJ8qx o Audio is a bit off, but a great video

Prokaryotic Cells Fun Facts! Most prokaryotic cells are around one tenth the size of a eukaryotic cell They are mostly unicellular however there are some rare examples where they act like a multicellular organism Many prokaryotes have external appendages that help them move called flagella

Eukaryotic Cells Eukaryotic cells are organisms that have membrane bound organelles Organelles are specific and specialized sub units that have a specific function They run the basic processes of the cell

Eukaryotic Cells The organelles of a eukaryotic cell can be divided into four main categories Genetic control Manufacturing, distributing and breaking down of macromolecules Energy processing Structural support and movement

Eukaryotic Cells The main feature of a eukaryotic cell is its nucleus The nucleus is a membrane bound organelle that contains the genetic information for the cell This is the large dark area when looking in a microscope