Development status of the CALIPSO lidar IPSL = Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie Gary Wilson Ball Aerospace and Technologies Corp.

CALIPSO is a pathfinder for the GTWS mission Flight-qualified Nd:YAG lasers demonstrated to 2109 pulses with active Q-Switch and KTP doubler Lightweight laser beam expanders with anti-feedback provision 1-m beryllium telescope (Goodrich Danbury) Flight-qualified PMT and APD detectors with low-noise preamps High-speed space qualified analog-to-digital converters Powerful, flight-qualified computer with fault tolerance (PowerPC™ 603R) Auxiliary instruments for context imaging: Wide-field Camera (WFC) and Imaging Infrared Radiometer (IIR)

The payload includes three instruments Telescope Sunshade Wide Field Camera X-Band Antenna Star Tracker Assembly X-Band Transmitter Payload Controller Laser Electronics Unit Imaging Infrared Radiometer Lidar Receiver Electronics Integrated Lidar Transmitter Receiver Power Supply

Monolithic optical bench is kinematically mounted to Proteus platform Lidar Instrument Core Adjustable Boresight Mechanism APD PMTs Laser Radiator Optical Bench Laser Optics Modules Telescope Beam Expander Optics ILT (Integrated Lidar Transmitter) ILR (Integrated Lidar Receiver)

Color code shows payload integration status Lidar Instrument Data Payload Controller VME BUS Integrated Lidar Receiver Housekeeping Telemetry (Housekeeping) MS-1553 Payload Processor Platform Interface Lidar Receiver Electronics GPS PPS Receiver Optics 1064 APD 532 // PMT Sync Signal DRS (8) System Interface 532  PMT Cmd/Status Shutter/ Depolarizer Mechanism Low Voltage Power Supply Telescope T0 Integrated Lidar Transmitter Boresight Mech ANA (5) Mechanism & Heater Control HLC (6) BEO Laser-1 Power Relay 1064 nm 532 nm DRS (2) BEO Laser-2 BNR (5) Instrument Data WFC Data Formatter/ Mass Memory 620-670 nm Energy Software 12.05, 10.6, 8.65 mm Energy IIR Composite Structure (Housing, Bench, Lightshade) X-Band Transmitter Legend PPS – Pulse Per Second DRS – Digital Relay Status ANA – Analog Acquisitions HLC – High Level Commands BNR – Bus Non Regulated Filter Complete In assembly In test Color code: Science Data System

Lidar receiver optical bench is assembled and aligned

Lasers & radiator are integrated and flight qualified Flight lasers (LOMs) & radiator have been qualified and integrated; the electronics unit (LEU, left) is in final qualification test. The LOMs are operated at 110 mJ per pulse at 532 nm and 1064 nm

Beam-expander optics (BEO) are delivered and tested BEO provides 13x (f=0.9) expansion with >98% reflectivity, laser hard coatings, and anti-narcissism features Beam expander testing and final-alignment performed with matching flight laser

Risk-reduction laser provided validation of design and contamination management 2109 pulses demonstrated Validated contamination-control and hermetic- sealing procedures Verified KTP doubler operation and life Established misalignment tolerance 110 mJ per pulse each wavelength 27.9 FWHM bandwidth at 532 nm 8 mm-mrad beam quality 3700:1 polarization purity

Receiver telescope and spectral filters are integrated and tested Beryllium telescope has fast primary and f/4.7 secondary; the unit was aligned in the Ball JWST Large-Optics Test Facility (LOTF) Thermal-tuned solid etalon provides 42 pm bandpass with 85% throughput; the unit was calibrated with the flight lasers

Flight detectors have completed characterization & calibration at Langley Photomultiplier (PMT) LITE heritage design 12.8% QE 0.11 fW Hz-½ NEP 2.5 MHz bandwidth Avalanche Diode (APD) MOLA heritage design 40% QE 0.004 pW Hz -½ NEP 2.5 MHz bandwidth

Flight electronics are complete and in system integration X-Band (80 Mbps) Transmitter includes matched Nyquist filters to eliminate conflict with the Deep Space Network The Lidar Receiver Electronics (LRE) and Receiver Power Supply (RPS) were used in flight detector calibration The Payload Controller is complete including the 480 MIPs computer & 64 Gb memory

Adjustable boresight & shutter mechanisms are complete The shutter-depolarizer mechanism was qualified and installed The Adjustable Boresight Mechanism (ABM) and launch-locks were qualified and are now being installed on the Lidar Core

Wide-Field Camera performance verified in High Accuracy Test Systems (HATS) Based on CT-633 star tracker Dark noise <15 e per sample Linearity <5% departure to full 730 W m-2 sr-1 nm-1 spectral radiance Bandpass filter 620-670 nm Modified to RS-422 serial I/O bus

Imaging infrared radiometer is developed by SODERN Based on Boeing micro- bolometer arrays Mirror for 2-point calibration 6464 snapshot array 3 spectral channels sequential (8.65, 10.6, 12.05 m)

Composite housing, lightshade and wire harnesses in vac-bake cleaning Flight wire harness installation prior to vacuum tests Payload housing showing lightshade (rear) & WFC platform

Payload controller and command & control consoles used for SW testing 100% flight-like electronics Payload Controller Emulator System (PCES), left Instrumentation Test Operations Console (ITOC), right

Payload instrument simulators are complete and in-use The Payload Simulator (left) was used to verify instrument-to-spacecraft interfaces at Alcatel High-Fidelity Simulator (right) will be used for spacecraft software development and includes actual instrument computer and flight code

Launch planned for 4Q 2004 Instrument delivery to Alcatel facility scheduled for 3Q 2003 Spacecraft delivery to VAFB scheduled for 3Q 2004 Ball & VAFB operations include atmospheric performance testing with cooperative lidars Launch planned 4Q 2004 Launch with CloudSAT on dual launch adapter fitting (DPAF) Delta II 7420 launch vehicle 3-m standard fairing