Grammar Lesson 41 Vocabulary: The Greek prefix hyper- means “over, excessive, or exaggerated” Hyperbole- a figure of speech consisting of an extreme exaggeration.

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Grammar Lesson 41 Vocabulary: The Greek prefix hyper- means “over, excessive, or exaggerated” Hyperbole- a figure of speech consisting of an extreme exaggeration not meant to be taken literally Hyperactivity- excessive activity Hyperglycemia- a condition of too much glucose in the blood

Predicate Adjectives A predicate adjective follows a linking verb and describes or gives more detail about the subject Example: An appaloosa is nimble. (nimble is the predicate adjective because it describes appaloosa) The linking verb that connects the subject to the predicate adjective may be a “to be” verb (is, am, are, was, were) but other linking verbs such as become, seem, feel, appear, look, taste, and smell also can link them. Example: That appaloosa looks lively.

Compound and Diagramming A predicate adjective may be compound Example: Jonathan Edwards was brilliant and fiery. We diagram a predicate adjective in the same way we diagram a predicate nominative.

Grammar Lesson 42 Vocabulary: The Greek prefix hypo- means under, the opposite of hyper- Hypoglycemia- too little glucose in the blood Hypocalcemia- not enough calcium in the blood Hypothyroidism- deficient activity of the thyroid gland

Comparison Adjectives Adjectives are often used to compare nouns or pronouns They come in three forms that show greater or lesser degrees of quality, quantity, or manner: positive, comparative, or superlative

Positive The basic form of the adjective, describes a noun or pronoun without comparing it to any other Examples: James is silly. The soldier is brave.

Comparative The comparative form compares two persons, places, or things Examples: James is sillier than John. The soldier is braver than I am.

Superlative The superlative form compares three or more persons, places, or things Examples: James is the silliest of the four brothers. That soldier is the bravest in the army.

Forming Comparison Adjectives Most one-syllable adjectives become comparative by adding er to the ending, they become superlative by adding est to the ending (example: light, lighter, lightest) When a two-syllable adjective ends in y we create the comparative and superlative forms by changing y to i and adding er or est Most adjectives with two or more syllables do not have comparative or superlative forms. Instead we use “more” (or less) before the adjective for the comparative and the word “most” (or least) to form the superlative (example: trustworthy, more trustworthy, most trustworthy)

Exceptions Positive Comparative Superlative Little littler littlest Clever cleverer cleverest Quiet quitter quietest Simple simpler simplest Narrow narrower narrowest