Bio-Statistic KUEU 3146 & KBEB 3153 Bio-Statistic Prof Madya Dr W Mohd Azhar Wan Ibrahim

Bio-Statistic KUEU Group Project (20%) A group of 3 or 4 students. Written report (15)%) Group presentation (5%) Tutorials/Class assignments (20%) Semester Test (10%) Final Examination (50%)

What is Statistics Recorded data which is grouped under specific variables such as age, weight, height etc To denote characteristics calculated for set of data. Example: Mean, Standard deviation, correlation Coefficient Statistical methodology and theory Statistics is a techniques and procedures dealing with the data collection, organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation of information that can be stated numerically.

Two Kinds of Statistics Descriptive Statistics Methods for organizing and summarizing information. Example: Construction of Graphs, charts, tables ets Calculation of average, std deviation, percentiles etc Inferential Statistics Use information obtained from a sample to say something about entire population (reaching conclusions from incomplete information). Population: Collection of all individuals under consideration in a statistical study. Sample: Part of the population from which information is obtained.

Sources of Data Surveys and Experiments. Retrospective Studies (Case-Control Studies. Prospective Studies (Cohort Studies).

Data Sampling Random Sampling. Systematic Sampling. Stratified Sampling. Cluster Sampling.

Variables and its Data Quantitative Variables Variables (like weight, height, no of siblings, no of household etc) that yield numerical information. Further can be Classified into Discrete and Continuous Variables Qualitative Variables. Variables (such as gender, hair colour, marital status etc) that yield nonnumeric information.

Class Assignment Find an article in any journal that uses data or statistics and answer the following questions. Make a copy of the article to turn in with your assignment. Were the data obtained from a survey or an experiment? Is the study descriptive or inferential? What research question was the author trying to answer? How did the author/s select the case. What population do the cases represent? Was there a control group? How were the control subjects selected? Are possible any source of bias? What is the conclusion stated?