1 Pertemuan 24 Forming the Passive Matakuliah: G0134 – Grammar III Tahun: 2005 Versi: revisi 1

2 Learning Outcomes Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : Menuliskan kalimat-kalimat pasif dengan benar.

3 Outline Materi Passive Form Reasons for using the passive The agent

4 The Passive The passive is formed by using the verb to be + past participle: Active: The police officer saw the robber at the airport. Passive: The robber was seen at the airport.

5 The Passive When the passive is used ? The passive is used quite often in English, both in speech and writing. We use passive when: 1.We don’t know who or what did something: My bicycle’s been stolen. (Someone has stolen my bicycle) 2.The action is more important that who did it: Income tax was introduced in England in 1798.

6 The Passive 3. it is obvious who or what did something: The thief’s been arrested. We can use by + person / thing to show who does the action if this information is important: The robber was seen by the police officer. (=The police officer saw the robber)/

7 The Passive Verbs with two objects Sometimes an active verb (e.g. give) has two objects: A witness gave the police some information or A witness gave some information to the police. Either object can be the subject of a passive sentence: 1.The police were given some information by a witness. Or 2.Some information was given to the police by a witness.

8 The Passive We follow verbs such as cover with by, in or with: Its body was covered by / in / with flies. In particular, we mention the agent when we add information about it in the next part of the sentence: The car had been driven by my younger brother who didn’t have a driving licence. We do not mention the agent when we want to hide the information or we want to avoid taking responsibility for an action: I’ve been told not to say anything.