DIYTP 2009

Network Basics  How do computers communicate?  Network Interface Card (NIC)  Media Access Control Address (MAC)  Unique to each NIC  Example: 08:00:69:02:01:FC  Internet Protocol Address (IP)  Identifier for a device on a network  Domain Name Service (DNS)  Translates Uniform Resource Locator (URL) to specific IP address

Network Basics – How the Internet Works Warriors of the Net

Network Basics – Devices  Hub  Simplest and ‘dumbest’. Sends packets to all connections.  Switch  An ‘intelligent’ hub. Only sends packets to the port where it is supposed to go.  Router  Most sophisticated. Can be controlled in how it relays packets.

Network Basics - Protocols  Protocol  Agreed upon method of communication.  Many types that computers and networks use:  Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)  Connection-oriented  Used for data that needs to get there

Network Basics - Protocols Figure 1.0 – TCP/IP 3-way handshake

Network Basics – Protocols  User Datagram Protocol (UDP)  Connection-less  Used when some data can be lost Figure 1.1 – TCP vs. UDP

Network Basics – OSI Model Figure 1.3 – OSI model

Network Basics - Utilities  IPConfig  Information about your Windows-based connection  Ping  Sends test packet to see if another machine is reachable  Tracert  ‘Ping’ + route and time to get to destination