Grounded Theory Approach (GTA) Presented by Cheryl Clinger and Becky Reed for SRM 680 Introduction to Qualitative Research University of Northern Colorado Spring 2014

History/Background of Grounded Theory Approach (GTA) (Creswell, pp Glaser and Strauss Glaser and Strauss differ Charmaz “The intent of a grounded theory study is to move beyond description and to generate or discover a theory.” (Creswell, p. 83)

Connection to Interpretative Frameworks (Creswell, pp. 22-34) Social Constructivism Constructing Grounded Theory “My approach explicitly assumes that any theoretical rendering offers an interpretive portrayal of the studied world, not an exact picture of it”. (Charmaz, p. 10)

Features of GTA (Creswell, p. 85) Process Theory Memoing Interviews Data Analysis

Characteristics of GTA (Creswell, p. 89) Data collection Used when no theory is readily available Central phenomenon & Causal Conditions

Challenges of GTA (Creswell, pp. 89-90) Bias Participant/Observer conflict Fulfilling requirements of determining a theory

Appendix D: A Grounded Theory Study Harley, A.E., Buckworth, J., Katz, M. L., Willis, S. K., Odoms-Young, A., & Heaney, C.A. (2009, February). Developing long-term physical activity participation: A grounded theory study with African American women. Health Education & Behavior, 36(1), 97-112. Background

Using a Grounded Theory Approach Why a GTA method was selected

Data Collection & Analysis Sample size Site Collection methods Individual interviews Focus Groups Field notes “My image for data collection in a grounded theory study is a “zigzag” process: out to the field to gather information, into the office to analyze the data, back to the field to gather more information, into the office, and so forth.” (Creswell, p. 86)

Results Physical Activity Evolution Framework (Harley, et al, p. 102) “Although the call for investigating physical activity as a process has been made, it is difficult to make overall comparisons of the Physical Activity Evolution framework to other behavioral process frameworks because they are largely unavailable.” (Harley et al., p. 108) Results Physical Activity Evolution Framework (Harley, et al, p. 102)

Features of GTA (Creswell, p. 85) Process Theory Memoing Interviews Data Analysis

References Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide. Accessed from books.google.com Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches (Third edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. Harley, A.E., Buckworth, J., Katz, M. L., Willis, S. K., Odoms- Young, A., Heaney, C.A. (2009, February). Developing long- term physical activity participation: A grounded theory study with African American women. Health Education & Behavior, 36(1), 97-112. Artwork: Vandenbogaard, Angela. Natural Roots. (n.d.). Watercolor. Canada. http://www.artbyangie.ca/