13.3 Solids, Dude!  In a solid, all particles have a fixed location  Crystals: repeating structures in a solid  Allotropes can exist in more than one “design” (like carbon-graphite, diamond, or bucky ball)  Amorphous solids: have no regular repeating shape.

13.4 Changing states  Nomenclature  Melting and freezing are opposites.  Boiling and condensation are opposites  Sublimation goes straight from solid to gas  All of this can vary depending on temperature and pressure

Phase diagrams

Summary  Read p 406, know vocabulary and labs and lab notes

a.unit cellc.allotropes b.crystald.amorphous solid Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. ____1.the smallest group of particles within a crystal that retains the shape of the crystal ____2.a solid in which the particles are arranged in an orderly, repeating pattern ____3.a solid that lacks an ordered internal structure ____4.two or more different molecular forms of an element in the same physical state

a.melting pointd.evaporation b.boiling pointe.vaporization c.sublimationf.normal boiling point Match each item with the correct statement below. ____5.vaporization at the surface of a liquid that is not boiling ____6.the conversion of a liquid to a gas below the boiling point ____7.the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure ____8.the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to 1 atmosphere ____9.the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid ____10.the change of a solid directly to a vapor

a.kinetic theoryd.barometer b.atmospheric pressuree.kinetic energy c.vapor pressure Match each item with the correct statement below. ____11.All matter consists of tiny particles that are in constant motion. ____12.the energy an object has due to its motion ____13.a device used to measure atmospheric pressure ____14.the pressure resulting from the collision of atoms and molecules with objects ____15.a measure of the force exerted by a gas above a liquid