Radiographic Physiology Cardiovascular System Arteries and Veins Cardiovascular System

Construction of blood vessels

Major Arteries of the Body

Ascending Aorta Aortic Arch Thoracic Aorta Abdominal Aorta Major Arteries of the Body

Aortic Arch branches

Brachiocephalic artery  The brachiocephalic artery (or brachiocephalic trunk or innominate artery) is an artery of the Mediastinum  It supplies blood to the right arm and the head and neck.  It is the first branch of the aortic arch, and soon after it emerges, the brachiocephalic artery divides into the right common carotid artery and the right Subclavian artery.  There is no brachiocephalic artery for the left side of the body.  The left common carotid, and the left Subclavian artery, come directly off the aortic arch. Major Arteries of the Body Aortic Arch branches

Common carotid artery  Right common carotid artery arises from brachiocephalic artery  Left common carotid artery arises from arch of the aorta  Divides at upper border of thyroid cartilage into Internal carotidExternal carotid  Terminal branch of common carotid artery  Branches of the external carotid artery in the neck are: Superior thyroid artery Ascending pharyngeal artery Lingual artery Facial artery Occipital artery Posterior auricular artery  Terminal branch of common carotid artery  Enters cranial cavity through carotid canal in petrous part of temporal bone  It has no branches in the neck Major Arteries of the Body Aortic Arch branches

Subclavian artery  A major artery of the upper thorax located below the clavicle  Supplies blood to the head and arms. It is Branches of the Subclavian on both sides of the body are the vertebral artery, the internal thoracic artery, the thyrocervical trunk, the costocervical trunk the dorsal scapular artery. the axillary artery Major Arteries of the Body Aortic Arch branches

Arteries of the Head & Neck Major Arteries of the Body

 Anterior cerebral artery (left and right)  Anterior communicating artery  Internal carotid artery (left and right)  Posterior cerebral artery (left and right)  Posterior communicating artery (left and right) The circle of Willis comprises the following arteries: Circle of Willis Major Arteries of the Body

COMMON CAROTID ARTERIES. Rt. Internal carotid Lt.internal carotid Right posterior communicating Right Anterior cerebral artery Right Middle cerebral artery Left Anterior cerebral artery Left Middle cerebral artery forms the anterolateral portion of the circle of Willis does not contribute to the circle Left posterior communicating Given off as a branch of the internal carotid artery just before it divides into its terminal branches Circle of Willis Major Arteries of the Body -

The right and left posterior cerebral arteries arise from the basilar artery The anterior communicating artery connects the two anterior cerebral arteries The basilar artery is formed by the left and right vertebral arteries. The vertebral arteries arise from the Subclavian arteries. The basilar artery and middle cerebral arteries, supply the brain, and not considered part of the circle Major Arteries of the Body - Circle of Willis

CIRCLE OF WILLIS Anterior cerebral artery Anterior communicating artery Middle cerebral artery Internal carotid artery Posterior communicating artery Posterior cerebral artery Basilar artery Vertebral artery

Major Arteries of the Body - Circle of Willis

Arteries of the Arm & Shoulder Subclavian Axillary Brachial Ulnar Radial Major Arteries of the Body

Thoracic Aorta Major Arteries of the Body  Begins at the lower border of the fourth thoracic vertebra  Ends in front of the lower border of the twelfth thoracic vertebra, at the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm. Branches Bronchial arteries Esophageal arteries Posterior intercostal arteries

Anterior/ midline branches of the abdominal aorta are The celiac Supplies oxygenated blood to the liver, stomach, abdominal esophagus, spleen and the superior half of both the duodenum The superior mesenteric artery supplies the intestine from the lower part of the duodenum through two-thirds of the transverse colon, as well as the pancreas The inferior mesenteric artery supplies the large intestine from the splenic flexure to the upper part of the rectum, Abdominal Aorta Major Arteries of the Body

Celiac Major Arteries of the Body “Celiac artery” Abdominal Aorta

Major Arteries of the Body Stomach blood supply Abdominal Aorta

Hepatic Portal Circulation The term “PORTAL” is used to refer to veins which carry blood to organs other than the heart. The liver is an unusual organ in that it has a double blood supply; the right and left hepatic arteries carry oxygenated blood to the liver, and the portal vein carries venous blood from the GI tract to the liver. Materials absorbed into the blood in the digestive system are carried into veins which drains into a single hepatic portal vein which leads to the liver. There, those materials are processed before the blood continues on to the heart.

Hepatic Portal Circulation Route Right Atrium Aorta Celiac Artery Digestive Organs Hepatic Portal Vein Liver Inferior Vena Cava Hepatic Veins

Major Arteries of the Body Abdominal Aorta “The Common iliac Artery”  Located in the pelvis  Forms at terminus of the aorta  Bifurcates into External iliac artery supplies the lower limb Internal iliac artery supplies the walls and viscera of the pelvis, the buttock, the reproductive organs, and the medial compartment of the thigh

Major Arteries of the Body Abdominal Aorta Arise off the sides of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery, and supply the kidneys with blood. “The renal arteries”

External Iliac Internal Iliac Femoral Popliteal (behind knee) Posterior Tibial (behind Tibia) Anterior Tibial Arteries of the Legs Major Arteries of the Body

Major Veins of the Body

Major Veins of the Abdomen External Iliac Internal Iliac Common Iliac Renal Inferior Vena Cava Hepatic Veins

Major Veins of the Head & Neck

Major Veins of Arm & Shoulder Ulnar Radial Brachial

Major Veins of Arm & Shoulder Subclavian Axillary Median Cubital Basilic Cephalic Brachial

Major Veins of the Legs Great Saphenous Anterior Tibial Posterior Tibial Popliteal Femoral External Iliac Dorsal Venous Arch Short Saphenous

THANK YOU