Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 1 Unit 14: The Link with Project Management CSEM04: Risk and Opportunities of Systems Change in Organisations Dr Lynne Humphries & Prof. Helen M Edwards

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 2 Overview Management of systems change The environment Management concerns: 3Ps, people, problem, process Project management/planning Scheduling Risk management

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 3 The Systems Change Project Environment requirements business issues cost/budget timescale project future technology available human resources available technology sise

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 4 Management Concerns 3 Ps ; people problem process

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 5 Management Concerns: People “The most important ingredient was having smart people…...very little else matters in my opinion…..” “The only rule I have …. is to ensure I have good people….. and an environment in which good people can produce.”

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 6 Management Concerns: Problem The need is for: planning, organisation & estimates, but often solid information is unavailable and requirements are still fluid. Project scope must be determined context, information objectives, function & performance. Problem decomposition, partitioning; applied to functionality required, process for delivery.

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 7 Management Concerns: Process Generic phases (definition, development, testing) - applicable to all process models. The trick - choose and combine the right models and develop the framework of tasks. A common framework of tasks supports structure and ensures tasks are not omitted.

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 8 Process: Project Planning “If we fail to plan, we plan to fail….” Tom Gilb. Objective: Provide a framework for understanding the scope of the problem and making estimates of resources, cost and schedule.

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 9 Project Planning scope the problem use historical data (measurements) decompose the problem (divide & conquer) estimate function and effort conduct risk analysis create work breakdown structure create schedule

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 10 Project Planning Probably the most time-consuming project management activity Continuous activity from initial concept through to system delivery. Plans must be regularly revised as new information becomes available Different types of plan may be developed to support the main software project plan (mainly concerned with schedule and budget)

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 11 Types of Project Plan Quality plan Validation plan Configuration management plan Maintenance plan Staff development plan.

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 12 Project Scheduling Split project into tasks and estimate time and resources required to complete each task Organise tasks concurrently to make optimal use of workforce Minimise task dependencies to avoid delays caused by one task waiting for another to complete Dependent on project managers intuition and experience

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 13 Scheduling Problems Estimating the difficulty of problems and hence the cost of developing a solution is hard Productivity is not proportional to the number of people working on a task Adding people to a late project makes it later because of communication overheads The unexpected always happens. Always allow contingency in planning (part of your risk management plan)

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 14 Risk Management Concerned with identifying and assessing risks and drawing up plans to minimise their effect on a project. Project risks affect schedule or resources Product risks affect the quality or performance of the system being acquired. Business risks affect the organisation acquiring the system.

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 15 Managing Risks within Project Management. Assess each identified risks regularly to decide whether or not it is becoming less or more probable Also assess whether the effects of the risk have changed Each key risk should be discussed at management progress meetings

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 16 Managing Risks within Project Management. At management progress meetings: each key risk should be discussed. the risk management process should be reviewed effectively, at each of these meetings you iterate one (partial) cycle of the generic risk lifecycle.

Unit 14 University of Sunderland CSEM04 ROSCO 17 Managing Risks within Project Management.