TWO SIDES EMERGE Federalists v. Anti-federalists

Read pages Summarize the difference between Federalist and Anti-Federalist.

Definitions  Ratify: to formally approve a plan or an agreement  Ratification: the process of formally approving a plan or agreement  Federalists: those in favor of ratifying the new Constitution  Anti-federalists: those against ratifying the new Constitution

Constitutional Convention  JAMES MADISON  Wrote down every speech at the convention  Known as the “Father of the US Constitution”

House of Representatives Senate LEGISLATIVE EXECUTIVE Cabinet President Vice President JUDICIAL Supreme Court Federal Courts

Constitutional Convention 1787  Two sides emerge  Those who wanted a new constitution became known as Federalists  Those who wanted to keep and fix the Articles of Confederation became known as Anti-Federalists

FederalistsAnti-Federalists Want a strong national government Ratify the new Constitution Want a weak national government Fix the Articles of Confederation

Question for Federalists: Why do you want to replace the Articles of Confederation?

Question for Anti- Federalists: Why do you oppose a strong national government?

Federalists  Important people  John Jay  James Madison  Alexander Hamilton  The Federalist Papers  Essays explaining and defending the Constitution

Federalists The Federalist Papers  85 letters written to newspapers in the late 1780s arguing for ratification of the Constitution  Argument  The proposed system would preserve the Union by giving the national government enough power to act effectively

Federalists  Arguments for ratification  Current weaknesses must be fixed  A strong federal government is needed for economic prosperity and to protect the United States from internal (civil war) and external (invasion) threats  A large, republican government protects citizens from factions (too many political parties)

Anti-Federalists  Important people  Patrick Henry  Argument: This new Constitution is “incompatible with the genius of republicanism”  George Mason  The Constitution needs a bill of rights before it can be ratified  Bill of rights – list of a person’s rights which should be protected by the government

Anti-federalists  Arguments against ratification  Current weaknesses have been overstated  Constitution moves the U.S. away from goals of Revolution and toward the tyranny of a strong government  Lacks a bill of rights to protect the people and states  Will end self-rule in the states  This new government is untested