Research Methods University of Massachusetts Boston ©2012 William Holmes 1 AB ?

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH o What are the Uses of Correlational Research?What are the Uses of Correlational Research? o What are the Requirements for Correlational.

Advertisements

Deriving Biological Inferences From Epidemiologic Studies.

Validity (cont.)/Control RMS – October 7. Validity Experimental validity – the soundness of the experimental design – Not the same as measurement validity.

Experiment Basics: Variables Psych 231: Research Methods in Psychology.

Chi square.  Non-parametric test that’s useful when your sample violates the assumptions about normality required by other tests ◦ All other tests we’ve.

Causality Inferences. Objectives: 1. To understand the concept of risk factors and outcome in a scientific way. 2. To understand and comprehend each and.

Economics 105: Statistics GH 24 due Wednesday. Hypothesis Tests on Several Regression Coefficients Consider the model (expanding on GH 22) Is “race” as.

Research Methods in Psychology

The burden of proof Causality FETP India. Competency to be gained from this lecture Understand and use Doll and Hill causality criteria.

Correlation Chapter 9.

1 Famous Psychology Experiments. 2 Conducting Psychology Experiments.

RESEARCH DESIGN : 1. Kinds of support for making CAUSAL interpretations of observed relationships quality of theory research design used measurement procedures.

The Effect Of ERP System Implementations on the Usefulness of Accounting Information.

Study Design Data. Types of studies Design of study determines whether: –an inference to the population can be made –causality can be inferred random.

Chapter Eighteen MEASURES OF ASSOCIATION

DOCTORAL SEMINAR, SPRING SEMESTER 2006 Experimental Design & Analysis Introduction & Causal Inference January 23, 2006.

Chapter 2 The Research Process: Coming to Terms.

TOOLS OF POSITIVE ANALYSIS

Chapter 4 Hypothesis Testing, Power, and Control: A Review of the Basics.

Lecture 8 Objective 20. Describe the elements of design of observational studies: case reports/series.

Simple Covariation Focus is still on ‘Understanding the Variability” With Group Difference approaches, issue has been: Can group membership (based on ‘levels.

Research Study Design and Analysis for Cardiologists Nathan D. Wong, PhD, FACC.

Causation and the Rules of Inference Classes 4 and 5.

Evidence-Based Medicine 3 More Knowledge and Skills for Critical Reading Karen E. Schetzina, MD, MPH.

Power Point Slides by Ronald J. Shope in collaboration with John W. Creswell Chapter 11 Experimental Designs.

Experimental Methods Sept 13 & 14 Objective: Students will be able to explain and evaluate the research methods used in psychology. Agenda: 1. CBM 2. Reading.

Statistics for the Terrified Paul F. Cook, PhD Center for Nursing Research.

Methodology Part 1. Hindsight Bias “I knew it all along” The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that we knew the outcome.

Research Methods & Statistical Analysis

Unit 1: Science of Psychology

Professional Writing College of Public and Community Service University of Massachusetts Boston ©2012 William Holmes CASE STUDY 1.

Research Methods in Psychology How do we study Psychology?

The research process Psych 231: Research Methods in Psychology.

Correlation. Correlation Analysis Correlations tell us to the degree that two variables are similar or associated with each other. It is a measure of.

Chapter 6 Research Validity. Research Validity: Truthfulness of inferences made from a research study.

Experimental Research Methods in Language Learning Chapter 5 Validity in Experimental Research.

1 CAUSAL ANALYSIS FOR MONITORING SYSTEMS11 Performance Monitoring and Evaluation College of Public and Community Service University of Massachusetts at.

Introduction to Validity True Experiment – searching for causality What effect does the I.V. have on the D.V. Correlation Design – searching for an association.

AP Psychology Unit 1: Science of Psychology Essential Task 1-4: Differentiate types of Research with regard to purpose, strengths and weaknesses -Descriptive.

Statistical Methods. 2 Concepts and Notations Sample unit – the basic landscape unit at which we wish to establish the presence/absence of the species.

Jump to first page Inferring Sample Findings to the Population and Testing for Differences.

Research in Psychology Chapter Two 8-10% of Exam AP Psychology.

Approaches to quantitative data analysis Lara Traeger, PhD Methods in Supportive Oncology Research.

Psychology Research Methods. Characteristics of Good Psychological Research © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

AP Textbook Notes.

Chapter 22 Inferential Data Analysis: Part 2 PowerPoint presentation developed by: Jennifer L. Bellamy & Sarah E. Bledsoe.

Psychology 101: General  Chapter 1Part 2 Scientific Method Instructor: Mark Vachon.

NURS 306, Nursing Research Lisa Broughton, MSN, RN, CCRN RESEARCH STATISTICS.

© 2009 Pearson Prentice Hall, Salkind. Chapter 2 The Research Process: Coming to Terms.

McGraw-Hill/Irwin © 2003 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,All Rights Reserved. Part Four ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA.

SPSS Statistical Package for Social Sciences Bivariate Correlations Department of Psychology California State University Northridge

Inferential Statistics Psych 231: Research Methods in Psychology.

Module 2 Research Strategies

Causality, Null Hypothesis Testing, and Bivariate Analysis

REGRESSION (R2).

SUSSER’S CAUSAL CRITERIA

How Do Psychologists Ask & Answer Questions?

Class 6 Hepp et al -15 Cha 13 Quant Descriptive Designs.

Making Causal Inferences and Ruling out Rival Explanations

Chapter 6 Research Validity.

Bivariate Association: Introduction & Basic Concepts

Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

Science of Psychology AP Psychology

Critical Appraisal วิจารณญาณ

Analysing RWE for HTA: Challenges, methods and critique

Positive analysis in public finance

RESULTS Methodological characteristics

Relationship Relation: Association: real and spurious Statistical:

Quantitative Research Methods

Presentation transcript:

Research Methods University of Massachusetts Boston ©2012 William Holmes 1 AB ?

Correlation is not Causation Post Hoc fallacy “For Example” is not proof Belief is not theory 2

Supporting Evidence Temporal Ordering Theory Rejection of Rival Hypotheses 3

Correlation between events Correlation between characteristics Data a result of research having internal validity (not biased research) 4

Potential outcomes Observed outcomes Individual versus average (expected) outcomes Completers versus non- completers Stable Unit and Treatment Value Assignment--SUTVA 5

Cause precedes effect Chronological ordering—happenstance Conceptual ordering—theory Process ordering—empirical process 6

Theoretical Assumptions of Program Social Psychological Economic Biological 7

Controlling Competing Influences— confounding variables Control by Sampling--exclusion Control by Design--randomization Control by Statistical Procedures-- controlling 8

V=Violence SA=Substance Abuse D=Depression 9 The rival hypotheses: violence causes depression vs. substance abuse causes depression

V=Violence SA=Substance Abuse D=Depression 10 Indirect effects between violence and depression

V=Violence SA=Substance Abuse D=Depression 11 Spurious correlation between violence and depression

V=Violence SA=Substance Abuse D=Depression G=Genetics Effect is conditional on other variable 12 G

History—external to experiment Maturation—developmental change Instrumentation—biased measures Subject-Experiment Interaction—persons messing with the experiment Testing Effects—persons learning from the experiment 13

14 Level of Measurement Measures of Association Test of Significance Nominal/categoricalPercentage, Odds Ratio, Logit, Phi t, Chi-square MixedPercentage, Means, Eta t, F Interval/RatioCorrelation, Regression t, F

Determine presence of relationship-- significance test or substantive criteria Determine strength of relationship-- measure of association Compare bivariate results with what happens when controls are introduced 15