A sea of Opportunities A SWOT of the Future of Our Seas Luc van Hoof January 12 th, 2016

Today’s menu  The Big Challenge  Use of the seas!  SWOT  2050?  2050!

Planet EARTH???  70% of our world is ocean

The Challenge  Feeding the world  Renewable energy production  Blue Growth

To feed 9-10 billion people by 2050 Blue Revolution

Thinking of the Sea Several images come to mind

Geographical area

Ecosystem

Political Area

Ruimte voor Scheepvaart Zandwinning Windenergie Olie & gas winning Natuurbescherming Aquacultuur Recreatievissers Visserij Watersport Defensie Kabels & Leidingen Zandsuppletie

Future use of the Sea World demand for fish & fish products Aquaculture Recreational Fisheries Marine Tourism Shipping Wind farms Oil & Gas Conservation

Its getting crowded  More activities out at sea  More sectors  More stakes  More stakeholders  Globalisation

Strengths  Lots of space  Lots of water  Lots of resources  A lot of potential ● Food, feed, pharmaceuticals, energy, transport, ingredients, materials, minerals, nature, climate buffer  Lots of possibilities

Weaknesses  Not all waters are equal  coastal zone vs high seas  Lack of an ocean knowledge base  Also on the potential economic challenges  Resilience but tipping points  Open Access  Jurisdictions  Lack of management of critical marine resources  Governance, regulation and ocean policy

Opportunities: Blue Growth (1)  Aquaculture  Seagriculture  Coastal tourism  Marine biotechnology  Ocean energy  Seabed mining

Opportunities: Ocean Food production  Fisheries? ● Discards & Management  Sea ranching  Mari-culture  Building with Nature

Options  Produce more food  Sustainable Intensification  Ecosystem approaches  Ocean production  More efficient use of food  there is no such thing as waste  Alternative sources of proteins  “Ingredientisation”

Major threats to the world's oceans (1)  Unsustainable fishing  threat to ocean life, habitats, livelihoods and food security

Major threats to the world's oceans (2)  Inadequate protection  MPAs, working policies

Major threats to the world's oceans (3)  Tourism & Urban Development  Coastlines and the coastal zone

Major threats to the world's oceans (4)  Shipping  oil spills, ship groundings, anchor damage, and the dumping of rubbish, ballast water, and oily waste

Major threats to the world's oceans (5)  Oil & gas  prospecting and drilling  windfarms  Oil spills  What to do with abandoned equipment

Major threats to the world's oceans (6)  Pollution  sewage, garbage, fertilizers, pesticides, industrial chemicals, plastics

Major threats to the world's oceans (7)  Aquaculture  pollution the farms discharge, escaped farmed fish, increased parasite loads, and the need to catch wild fish as feed.

Major threats to the world's oceans (8)  Climate Change  Coral bleaching, rising sea levels, changing species distributions

So where will we be in 2050?

2050? Marine Dead Zones

2050! seaweed statice samphire spirulina