Respiratory System 2 Ms. Eramchuk

Review of last class:  IEMNPe1E IEMNPe1E

JIGSAW  External Respiration  Internal Respiration  Cellular Respiration In your groups, explore the assigned topic and summarize it in 1-2 sentences! Be prepared to explain the topic to fellow classmates

VIDEO!!!  A4O3urGE A4O3urGE  Ignore the numbers (partial pressures, etc.) and focus on where the oxygen and carbon dioxide are travelling.

Fill in…

External Respiration  Exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) in the lung – between alveoli (external) and pulmonary capillaries of the lung

External Respiration  After inhalation, amount of oxygen in alveoli is higher than blood, so oxygen dissolves in moist membrane and diffuses into blood  Carbon dioxide is brought to lungs and diffuses into alveoli

Internal Respiration  Gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between blood and tissue cells in the body

Internal Respiration  Movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between body cells and blood. Both diffuse through the intercellular fluid (from high to low conc.)

Cellular Respiration  Cells need oxygen to break down glucose and store its energy in molecules of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)  Energy in glucose cannot be used by cells until it is stored as ATP

Breathing  Put your hand on your diaphragm and breathe deeply.  What is happening??

Breathing  Inhalation ( ACTIVE PHASE) – sometimes called inspiration  Ribs pulled up and out  DIAPHRAGM pulled downwards  Chest cavity larger – pressure inside reduced  Air rushes in  Lungs expand

Breathing  Exhalation ( PASSIVE PHASE )  Diaphragm relaxes and moves up  Rib muscles relax; chest cavity drops  Chest cavity becomes SMALLER  Pressure on lungs GREATER, air pushed outward BheY

Kahoot! Review

The Process of Breathing  Please order the 4 stages of gas exchange found in the envelopes at the front of the room  Individual, or groups of 2-3 is fine!

The Process of Breathing  Gas Exchange: The 4 Stages  1) Breathing  2) External Respiration – oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange between air and lungs  3) Internal Respiration – Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange between blood in capillaries and body cells  4) Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport between lungs and other body parts

LUNG IN A BOTTLE  Using only the supplies provided and your knowledge of the respiratory system, create a model which can illustrate the mechanics of breathing.

LUNG IN A BOTTLE  N0HlG-c

ENTRANCE SLIP  Please write down 3 facts that you know about the respiratory system from the past 2 classes!

Oxygen Transport  Oxygen is carried by hemoglobin in red blood cells HEMOGLOBIN: iron containing protein  Oxygen-rich blood is bright red because of OXYHEMOGLOBIN (oxygen + hemoglobin) Blood low in oxygen is dark red or dull purple

Oxygen Transport  OBJEXxNEo OBJEXxNEo

Breathing – Controlled by the BRAIN!  Breathing is an INVOLUNTARY PROCESS controlled by the RESPIRATORY CENTRE (MEDULLA OBLONGATA) in the brain.

Chemoreceptors Controlled by respiratory centre in the brain ( MEDULLA OBLONGATA ) Sensory structures in blood vessels sense oxygen and carbon dioxide levels Based on the previous demo (with universal indicator), how might chemorecepters detect these levels? (TPS)

Chemoreceptors  Higher CO 2 levels in blood is the stimulant that the respiratory center responds in order to signal the respiratory muscles to breathe  Chemoreceptors are responsible for detecting decrease in blood pH by CO 2

Chemoreceptors

 During heavy exercise, LACTIC ACID is produced by muscle cells; this increases the acidity in the blood and stimulates the respiratory centre to increase the rate of breathing  BkR00OZE BkR00OZE