U3a-L2 October 20, 2009 DRILL Write in complete sentences. For #3-5, use the words below. Define engineering. What are the seven resources used to create technology? A _____ is a working model used to test a design concept. Models are used to ______ design ideas and processes. Modeling and testing are used to _____ ideas into practical solutions. 5 3 4 *Transform *Prototype *Communicate and Test

Pass in last night’s assignment. U3a-L2 LAST NIGHT’S HOMEWORK Pick a technological artifact that interests you. What needs did this technology fulfill? What resources were used to design and create this technology? What preceding technologies were necessary for the development of this technology? What innovative or inventive ideas were used in the creation of this technology? Pass in last night’s assignment.

REVIEW of YESTERDAY What are the 7 inputs used to create technology: U3a-L2 REVIEW of YESTERDAY What are the 7 inputs used to create technology: People Information Time Capital Machines and tools Materials Energy

REVIEW of YESTERDAY Engineers are problem-solvers. U3a-L2 REVIEW of YESTERDAY Engineers are problem-solvers. Engineering is the systematic application of mathematical, scientific, and technical principles, to yield tangible end products that meet our needs and desires. Engineering has evolved as civilization has progressed Each generation builds on the accomplishments of its predecessors.

REVIEW of YESTERDAY Personal Characteristics of Engineers: U3a-L2 REVIEW of YESTERDAY Personal Characteristics of Engineers: a. Creativity b. Resourcefulness c. Ability to visualize and think abstractly

8 CONSTRAINTS on the ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS U3a-L2 8 CONSTRAINTS on the ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS Safety – is the product safe to use? Reliability – will it work consistently over time? Cost – is it affordable? Quality Control – does it meet customer requirements? Environmental Concerns – does it harm the natural or human environment negatively? Manufacturability – can it be made? Maintenance – how easily can it be maintained or upheld? Ergonomics – how efficiently can the human body utilize it?

4 DESIGN PRINCIPLES used to EVALUATE DESIGN U3a-L2 4 DESIGN PRINCIPLES used to EVALUATE DESIGN Design is the result of a formal, sequential process. Design is driven by profit motive and market ($ or not). Design is the result of goal-oriented research. Designs must be continually checked, refined, and improved. Note: Design problems seldom arise in a clearly defined form. Design requirements sometimes compete with each other.

U3a-L2 DESIGNING In designing a device or process, thought should be given to HOW it will be manufactured, operated, maintained, replaced, and disposed of and WHO will sell, operate, and take care of it. The basic idea of mathematical modeling is to find a mathematical relationship that behaves in the same ways as the objects or processes under investigation. Computers have greatly improved the power and use of mathematical models by performing computations that are very long, very complicated, or repetitive.

U3a-L2 MATH Engineers: Use the language of mathematics to express mathematical ideas precisely Analyze and evaluate the mathematical thinking and strategies of others Create and use representations to organize, record, and communicate mathematical ideas Select, apply, and translate among mathematical representations to solve problems Use representations to model and interpret physical, social, and mathematical phenomena

U3a-L2 EXTENSION ACTIVITY Develop a brief (2-minute) oral presentation using Microsoft Powerpoint on one of the “Greatest Engineering Achievements of the Twentieth Century” that will address the following topics: The need or desire that led to the projects. The resources (inputs) used to create the project. The personal characteristics of the people who planned and built the project. The constraints that impacted the development of the project. An analysis of the project based on the four design principles.

EXTENSION ACTIVITY RUBRIC U3a-L2 EXTENSION ACTIVITY RUBRIC

Assigned Oral Presentation Topics LETTER your Engineering Achievement and number on Handout. This is an individual project. Greatest Engineering Achievements A) Electrification-1 B) Automobile-3&4 C) Airplane-5&6 D) Water Supply and Distribution-27&8 E) Electronics-9&10 F) Radio and Television-11&12 G) Computers-13&14 H) Agricultural Mechanization-15&16 I) Telephone-17&18 J) Air Conditioning&Refrigeration-19&20 K) Highways-20&21 L) Spacecraft-22&23

Assigned Oral Presentation Topics LETTER your Engineering Achievement and number on Handout. This is an individual project. Greatest Engineering Achievements M) High-perfomance Materials-24&25 N) Internet-2 O) Petroleum&Petrochemical Technologies-7 P) Imaging-28&29 Q) Household Appliances-30&31 R) Health Technologies-33 S) Nuclear Technologies-34&32 T) Laser and Fiber Optics-26&35

POWERPOINT TIPS Write these tips down! U3a-L2 POWERPOINT TIPS Write these tips down! Make sure the color of background and color of text are highly contrasted: THIS IS GOOD THIS IS GOOD THIS IS GOOD THIS IS GOOD THIS IS GOOD THIS IS GOOD THIS IS BAD THIS IS BAD THIS IS BAD THIS IS BAD THIS IS BAD THIS IS BAD

POWERPOINT TIPS Write these tips down! Avoid looooong sentences and paragraphs by using short bullets: BAD: The purpose of the design process is to provide designers with a method of approaching problems. The design process always incorporates the seven inputs that ALL technology systems have in common, namely people, time, information, capital, machines and tools, materials, and energy. Also, the engineering design process is ALWAYS constrained by the 8 constraints, sometimes greater than others: safety, manufacturability, cost, ergonomics, environmental concerns, quality control, maintenance, reliability.

POWERPOINT TIPS Write these tips down! Avoid looooong sentences and paragraphs by using short bullets: GOOD: Design Process: A method of approaching problems. Always includes seven inputs: People, time, information, capital, machines and tools, materials, and energy. Always 8 constraints: Safety, manufacturability, cost, ergonomics, environmental concerns, quality control, maintenance, reliability.

POWERPOINT TIPS Write these tips down! Just cover main “bullets” on screen. Speak about the details. Don’t get carried away with graphics and text font – make sure graphics are relevant!

HOMEWORK If you need access to a computer, the U3a-L2 HOMEWORK Begin research on your power point presentation. If you need access to a computer, the computer lab in the library will be available.