当代物流学 西南交通大学交通运输学院 李国旗 Tel:

Lesson one logistics and the supply chain Key words Channel intermediaries Cost trade-offs Economic utility FIFO FOB origin FOB destination Pricing systems Form utility Freight absorption Landed costs

LIFO Marketing channel Phantom freight Place utility Reverse logistics Supply chain Stock-keeping units Stockouts Systems approach Time cost approach

Part one : economic impacts of logistics One : while absolute and relative in logistics costs in relation to GDP vary from country to country, logistics is most definitely an important part in a country’s economy Two : logistics can also play an important role in a nation’s growth and development, particularly improvements in transportation efficiency

Three: the economic imparts of logistics can affects individual consumers such as you, these imparts can be illustrated through the concept of economic utility which is the value or usefulness of a product in fulfilling customer needs or wants

Part two: logistics : what it is One : some of the terms used to refer to business logistics have included the following Business logistics Distribution Industrial distribution Logistics Logistics management Materials management Physical distribution Supply chain management

Two : the meaning of logistics Clm : logistics is that point of the supply chain process that plans, implement, and controls the efficient,effective forward and reverse flow and storage of goods, services, and related information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customers’ requirement

Part three: the increased important of logistics One : a reduction in economic regulation Two: recognition by prominent now- logistics Three: technological advances Four: the growing power of retailers Five : globalization of trade

Part four : the system and total cost approach to logistics One : the system approach indication that a company is objectives can be realized by recognizing the mutual interdependence of the major functional areas of the firm, such as marketing, production, finance, and logistics

One implication of the systems approach is that the goals and objectives of the major functional areas should be compatible with the company’s goals and objectives. This means that one logistics system does not fit all companies since goals and objectives vary from one firm to another A select implication is that decisions made by one functional area should consider the potential implication upon other functional areas.

Part five : logistics relationship within the firm Finance : The logistics development regularly interfaces with the finance area, in part because logistical decisions are only as good as the quality of cost data with which they are working.

Marketing Contemporary marketing places heavy emphasis on customer satisfaction, and logistics strategies can facilitate customer satisfaction through reducing the cost of products, which can translate into lower prices as well as bringing a broader variety of choices closer to where the customer wishes to buy or use the products Logistics strategies offer a unique way for a company to differentiate itself among conpetiters, and logistics now offers an important route for many firms to create marketing supervionty

4p: place decision price decision product decision promotion decision

Production Perhaps the most common interface between production and logistics involves the length of production runs Increasing utilization of the postponement concept also influence the interface between production and logistics

Marketing channels Marketing channel can be views as sets of interdependent organization involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption

The most significant contribution that the logistics channel makes to the overall channel process is the sorting function, this function involves rearranging the assortment of products as they flow through the channels through the customer, taking large blocks of single products and rearranging them into quantities, assortments, and varieties that consumer prefer.

The sorting function has four steps, and these are important to understanding the concept of goods flowing through the logistics channel. Sorting out is sorting a heterogeneous supply of products into stocks that are homogeneous Accumulating is bringing together similar stocks from different sources Allocating is breaking a homogeneous supply into smaller lots Asserting is building up assortments of goods for resale, usually to retail customers

Other channels Negotiation channels promotion channel financing channel

Part six activities in the logistical channel Customer service Demand forecasting Inventory management Materials handling Order management Parts and service support Production scheduling Procurement Returned products

Salvage and scrap dispose Transportation management Warehousing management

Part seven logistics career 由于与物流重要性的日益提高，它已经取得了 真正的职业地位，物流领域中的许多专业组织 正致于提高成员的专业知识。这些专业协会建 立的宗旨是考虑到目前的工艺水平变化如痴之 快，专业人才必须不断接受教育和再教育。 目前开设五六证书课程的学术组织有： Clm Clam Apics Wevc

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谢谢！ 欢迎大家与本人交流物流问题！ 本讲义由本人制作！ 参考文献：当代物流学（英文版） 现代物流学（中译版）