IMPERIALISM

Imperialism Imperialism: control or dominance over another country. Influence can be political, economic or cultural. Focus on access to cheap natural resources (oil, tin, rubber) and foreign markets for consumer goods.

Forms of Imperialism Political : Attempting to control the politics of a foreign country. Economic: exploiting the resources of a foreign country. Cultural: eliminating or denying local customs and beliefs

British Empire (Political Imperialism)

Political Imperialism

Economic & Cultural Imperialism

Imperialism (causes) Industrial Revolution created capital & demand for cheap natural resources

Imperialism (causes) Nationalism or the belief in the superiority of a country over another (competition for global influence)

Imperialism (causes) Social Darwinism or the belief in the superiority of one race over another (duty to civilize/rel.) “Survival of the fittest” was used to justify controlling other countries.

Cecil Rhodes – Quote on Imperialism “I contend that we [Britons] are the first race in the world, and the more of the world we inhabit, the better it is for the human race….It is our duty to seize every opportunity of acquiring more territory and we should keep this one idea steadily before our eyes that more territory simply means more of the Anglo-Saxon race, more of the best, the most human, most honourable race the world possesses.”

Imperialism (Forms of Rule) Direct Rule: Use of officials from Europe to control another country. Indirect Rule: Use of officials from the local population to control another country

Colonial Rule in Southeast Asia Philippines, Vietnam, Borneo, Burma, Indonesia and Malaysia Land was foreign owned and locals were paid low wages to work on plantations (coffee & sugar) Europeans sold products made in Europe to their colonies

Colonial Rule in Africa Africa was carved up by European powers (Berlin Conference) The local tribes were pushed off their lands Natural resources for Industry extracted and taken to Europe (Palm oil, gold, wood, ivory, diamonds)

Rhodes Collossus

Colonial Rule in India British controlled India India was the “jewel” of the British Empire India provided cheap labor and it produced cotton

Colonial Rule in Latin America U.S. and Britain dominated Mexico, Central & South America. They exported wheat, tobacco, wool, sugar, coffee, and hides. They sold back finished products Monroe Doctrine - U.S. protection of trade in the Americas Countries were independent but relied on foreign countries for economic development & jobs.

Colonial Rule in Latin America