Goal 10 Part 3 America in WWII. PEARL HARBOR REACTION Before Dec. 7, 1941: mixed reaction to step away from Neutrality After Dec. 7, 1941: ALL OUT EFFORT.

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Presentation transcript:

Goal 10 Part 3 America in WWII

PEARL HARBOR REACTION Before Dec. 7, 1941: mixed reaction to step away from Neutrality After Dec. 7, 1941: ALL OUT EFFORT / SUPPORT!!!! Recruiting offices were jammed! *Selective Service Act* (DRAFT) Battle Cry: Remember Pearl Harbor

Expanding the Military Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAACS) created by George Marshall Women volunteers (in the military) with non-combat duties

Rosie the Riveter American “propaganda” that encouraged women to take on new industrial jobs during WWII - Helping WWII effort without being “over there”

Manhattan Project Secret creation of the Atomic Bomb  Idea: Albert Einstein (Jewish Refugee)  Lead Scientist: Robert Oppenheimer *Upsets Stalin because he wasn’t told * OSRD * Office of Scientific Research And Development

War Production Board (WPB) “BIG CONVERSION” - Companies should convert from “peacetime” production to “war” production = $185 billion (war effort)

The War with Europe Battle of the Atlantic  German “Wolf Packs” sent subs to destroy American ships sending goods to Britain (lend-lease act)  Reaction: CONVOY SYSTEM (purpose????) ****** Battle of Stalingrad ****** Soviet Union VS Germany Germany attacks Soviet Union (Remember: Goal of Mein Kempf) *****TURNING POINT IN “EASTERN FRONT” = EUROPEAN THEATER of WW II: German Retreat from U.S.S.R.! (FIRST TIME) Result: Soviet Union VICTORY

North African Front (OPERATION TORCH) Allied invasion ! (FIRST ALLIED OFFENSIVE) 1942: Allied powers invade (Casablanca, Morocco & Algiers, Algeria) Allied leader: Dwight D. Eisenhower Axis leader: Erwin Rommel (Afrika Korps) Outcome: Axis / Rommel SURRENDER!

Tuskegee Airmen ALL African American Squadron Racial issues: Beginning of WWII, American culture = Unfortunately, A.A. soldiers were considered to not be intelligent, able, or loyal enough to the join the Army *All T.A. won the highest military commendations for their service against Germany

D-Day (JUNE 6, 1944) Point: invade France to liberate Western Europe from Nazi rule Nickname: Operation Overlord American Commander: Eisenhower Omaha, Normandy, Utah, Sword Beaches *Largest land-sea-air operation in American army history Problem: Germans were ready! (Omaha)

George Patton - Advanced the American Army into Paris, France and liberated France from years of German Aggression.. Effect: America is GAINING ground FDR wins a 4 th Term!! In 1944 and Harry S. Truman as VP

Battle of the Bulge Dec.1944-Jan 1945 Largest German offensive in WWII U.S. Vs. Germany Germany counterattacked and split America (creating a “split” in Allied Forces thus creating exchanges of resources to one another MAIN RESULT: Germany is starting to lose! (Western Europe) *Turning point of Western Front in European theater of WWII

Unconditional Surrender Hitler’s Suicide Eisenhower accepted this as the “unconditional surrender” of the Third Reich (May 8, 1945) – ENDS WWII IN EUROPE (not Japan!!!!!!) V E Day – Victory in Europe Day One month later…FDR has a stroke and placed Harry S. Truman as President

War in the Pacific *** DOUGLAS MACARTHUR *** - controlled ALL Allied forces in Pacific Doolittle’s Raid (Pearl Harbor Revenge) - Colonel James Doolittle - did “LITTLE” but Japan at least can be hurt! (American blitzkrieg) Battle of Coral Sea - U.S. vs. Japan Imperialist Japanese strategy = invade Australia * First time that Japan aggression was stopped! Allied Victory

Battle of Midway **** Turning point in the Pacific Theater of WWII **** (No more Japanese OFFENSIVE attacks in the Pacific) American commander: Chester Nimitz ***********Island Hopping*************: started at Battle of Midway – island to island U.S wins territory (getting closer and closer to Japan!) Battle at Midway = caused the Japanese to stop aggression! Kamikaze: Japanese suicide planes Turning Point in European Theater of WWII?

Iwo Jima Okinawa Examples of American victories (island hopping) in the Pacific

Atomic Bombs (900 times hotter than the sun) Hiroshima Aug 6, 1945 Codename: Little Boy 80,000 people died in 2 seconds Result: Japan STILL did NOT surrender! Nagasaki Aug 9, 1945 Codename: Fat man 200,000 people died (radiation poisoning) Japan surrendered = VJ Day (Victory in Japan) *T.Q. = What event ENDED WWII in Japan? ATOMIC BOMB over Nagasaki President???? = Harry S. Truman Result: WWII is OVER / ****Opened the door to NUCLEAR / ATOMIC weaponry during war!!!! VERY IMPORTANT : Why was the dropping of the atomic bombs JUSTIFIED by TRUMAN?????????????????????

Yalta Conference Feb. 1945, before atomic bomb dropping Yalta, Soviet Union  BIG THREE = Stalin, Churchill and FDR (before death) met to discuss the “fate” of Germany  Result of Yalta Conference: (1) Germany–divided into 4 sections (2) Stalin would help U.S. in Pacific (3) Creation of United Nations *(4) Stalin PROMISED “elections” in Poland! (Democracy in EUROPE)

United Nations * Established in 1945, after WWII (YALTA CONFERENCE) to keep the world away from war and to maintain SECURITY *Replaced the League of Nations (14 th Point of Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points speech after WWI – America NEVER joined) T.Q. Why was the League of Nations dissolved? ***** SECURITY COUNCIL ***** - division of the League of Nations to handle international disputes - consists of the permanent members France, Soviet Union (Russia), Great Britain, China and the U.S.