HMACommunityStrategies.com Data Friday Overview of Public Health February 12, 2016

“It is logical to expect that there is strength in numbers and that partnerships can mobilize material and human resources and be more effective at achieving desired goals than individuals working alone.” – Karen Glanz, Health Behavior and Health Education, 2002

Learning Objective At the end of this session, you will be able to  Describe the roles and responsibilities of public health  Describe the 3 core functions and 10 essential services of public health  Describe the role of law and government in Public Health

Source: * WHO, 1998; ** IOM, 1988 and… …a dynamic state of complete physical, mental, spiritual, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. * Public health is “What we as a society do collectively to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy.” ** Health is…

Vision: Healthy People in Healthy Communities Mission:  Promote Physical and Mental Health  Prevent Disease, Injury, and Disability

What does What does medicine do? public health do? Saves lives one at a time Saves lives millions at a time

Learning Objective At the end of this session, you will be able to  Describe the roles and responsibilities of public health  Describe the 3 core functions and 10 essential services of public health  Describe the role of law and government in Public Health

The Essential Public Health Services Community health assessment; registries Partnerships with private sector, civic groups, NGOs, faith community, etc. Identifying and sharing best practices; participation in research Strategic planning; community health improvement planning

Essential Public Health Services Developed by the Core Public Health Functions Steering Committee (1994) ODPHP – Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health Independent websites – Health.gov – Healthypeople.gov – Healthfinder.gov PURPOSE: to provide a description and definition of Public Health

Learning Objective At the end of this session, you will be able to  Describe the roles and responsibilities of public health  Describe the 3 core functions and 10 essential services of public health  Describe the role of law and government in Public Health

Governmental Public Health State and Local Health Departments Tribal Health Departments Local Health Departments State and the District of Columbia Health Departments Territorial Health Departments Retain the primary responsibility for health under the US Constitution * Number based on 2010 National Profile of Local Health Departments (NACCHO, 2011) ** Numbers cited from ASTHO, Profile of State Public Health, Volume Two, 2011

Federal Public Health

Federal Public Health Responsibilities  Ensure all levels of government have the capabilities to provide essential public health services  Act when health threats may span more than one state, a region, or the entire nation  Act where the solutions may be beyond the jurisdiction of individual states  Act to assist the states when they lack the expertise or resources to effectively respond in a public health emergency (e.g., a disaster, bioterrorism, or an emerging disease)  Facilitate the formulation of public health goals (in collaboration with state and local governments and other relevant stakeholders) Source: Trust for America’s Health. Public Health Leadership Initiative: An Action Plan for Healthy People in Healthy Communities in the 21st Century. Washington, DC

Public Health System Source: Public Health Practice Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Public Health Performance Standards Program, User Guide (first edition), (Current version available at Schools Community Centers Employers Transit Elected Officials Doctors EMS Law Enforcement Nursing Homes Fire Corrections Mental Health Faith Institutions Civic Groups Nonprofit Organizations Neighborhood Organizations Laboratories Home Health CHCs Hospitals Tribal Health Drug Treatment Public Health Agency

Conclusion At the end of this session, you are now be able to  Describe the roles and responsibilities of public health  Describe the 3 core functions and 10 essential services of public health  Describe the role of law and government in Public Health

HMA HMACommunityStrategies.com Data Friday Using Public Health Data to Support Community Goals February 12, 2016

HMA Advocate Bethany Community Health Fund Community AreaZip Code Austin East Garfield Park West Garfield Park Humboldt Park North Lawndale 60623

HMA 18 Established Bethany Fund Priority Areas – including Indicators, Current and Desired Status Priority Areas:  Diabetes  AIDS  Infant Health  Teen Birth  School Dropout  Violence Prevention  Workforce Development

HMA PROGRESS TOWARDS PRIORITY AREA GOALS: 19

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HMA 22 Data at a Glance: Maps provide a format for displaying data Diabetes Data Fund Communities All Chicago Communities Highest & Lowest Rates Fund Communities Benchmark Rate Statistically Higher than Benchmark

HMA Surveying Data and Interpreting Results APPROACH Used charts and maps to highlight public health data Interpreted the results to inform and support community goals ANALYSIS Overview of data sources and analysis tools Methods for displaying data to inform project 23

HMA HMACommunityStrategies.com Survey Data and Geomaps Data Friday Anissa Lambertino, PhD

HMA What is it? 25

HMA It’s a map. 26 Ojibwe ca in Making Maps (Krygier and Wood, 2005)

HMA Why are maps created? Maps are used to: – Compare regions, counties, zip codes, tracts – Compare against other data, spatially – Model changes over time – Add value to graphs and charts 27

HMA Project Data Tools Data Analytics Excel SAS Stata Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Esri ArcMap 28

HMA Data Sources What are the common public health data that people request maps of most frequently? 29 CDC WONDER City of Chicago Data Portal

HMA Types of data Numbers123 Prevalence12.3% Rate123 in 1,000 persons 30

HMA Number vs. Rate 31

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HMA Questions to consider How reliable is each measure on the map? Are there suppressed data due to small numbers? Which rates are high or low? 33 YOU ARE HERE

HMA 34 Confidence Intervals Data Suppression Comparison Measure

HMA Classification Scheme Best Practices and Recommendations for Determining Color Schemes and Class Breaks – Recommended Color Schemes: Color Blind Safe – Recommended Classification Scheme for Health Outcome or Survey Data: Quartiles 35

HMA Map Color Schemes 36

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HMA Survey Data and Geomaps Conclusions Map users should be able to: – Visualize the geographic variation of prevalence or rate – Gauge the statistical reliability for each estimate in the map – Determine which geographies are statistically “higher” or “lower” than a comparison measure 38

HMA Advocate Bethany Community Health Fund Conclusions Key Strategies to Determine Progress Visualizing Data to Tell the Story Leveraging Data to Support Community Goals 39