Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Prof. Antonia Moropoulou - NTUA – National Technical University of Athens Educational Toolkit Knowing the built heritage Module 3 Basic Course Exercises Exercise 3.8.B From salt decay in lab to exercise salt decay pathology on the monument

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Module 3 Exercises Set Prof. Antonia Moropoulou NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS

From salt decay in lab to exercise salt decay pathology on the monument Prof. Antonia Moropoulou 4

Medieval City of Rhodes International Port Modern City of Rhodes Prof. Antonia Moropoulou 5

The characteristic form of alveolar weathering of the porous biocalcarenite of Rhodes caused by NaCl crystallization Prof. Antonia Moropoulou 6

First steps of NaCl crystals growth in a stone pore. A granular aggregate made of smaller and isometric crystals on the wet substrate Salt Crystal Growth Prof. Antonia Moropoulou Theoulakis, P., Moropoulou, A., “Salt crystal growth as weathering mechanism of porous stone on historic masonry”, J. Porous Materials, 6 (1999) pp

Large crystals showing their specific equilibrium forms grow completely immersed in the solution Salt Crystal Growth Prof. Antonia Moropoulou Theoulakis, P., Moropoulou, A., “Salt crystal growth as weathering mechanism of porous stone on historic masonry”, J. Porous Materials, 6 (1999) pp

Detail showing how rounded isometric crystals pass into mainly columnar growth Prof. Antonia Moropoulou Salt Crystal Growth Theoulakis, P., Moropoulou, A., “Salt crystal growth as weathering mechanism of porous stone on historic masonry”, J. Porous Materials, 6 (1999) pp

Columnar crystals of NaCl forming a compact aggregate. Morphological details of orients crystal growth Prof. Antonia Moropoulou Salt Crystal Growth Theoulakis, P., Moropoulou, A., “Salt crystal growth as weathering mechanism of porous stone on historic masonry”, J. Porous Materials, 6 (1999) pp

Detail showing the subcapillary gap between columnar NaCl crystals and the substrate. Through this gap the crystal keeps in contact with the solution that feeds it with the necessary ions Salt Crystal Growth Prof. Antonia Moropoulou Theoulakis, P., Moropoulou, A., “Salt crystal growth as weathering mechanism of porous stone on historic masonry”, J. Porous Materials, 6 (1999) pp

Columnar NaCl crystals. They partially overlap the individual pore spaces and join to compact aggregates showing that possibly a disruption has already occurred at this place Salt Crystal Growth Prof. Antonia Moropoulou Theoulakis, P., Moropoulou, A., “Salt crystal growth as weathering mechanism of porous stone on historic masonry”, J. Porous Materials, 6 (1999) pp

Validation of NDT by Lab Techniques Fibre Optics Microscopy Scanning Electron Microscopy Digital Image Processing Moropoulou, A., Koui, M., Tsiourva, Th., Kourteli, Ch., Papasotiriou, D., “Macro- and micro non destructive tests for environmental impact assessment on architectural surfaces”, Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology V, Vol. 462, ed. P.B. Vandiver, J.R. Druzik, J.F. Merkel, J. Stewart, Publ. Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh (1997) pp Prof. Antonia Moropoulou Alveolar Weathering 13

Validation of NDT by Lab Techniques Fibre Optics Microscopy Scanning Electron Microscopy Digital Image Processing Prof. Antonia Moropoulou Hard Carbonate Crust Moropoulou, A., Koui, M., Tsiourva, Th., Kourteli, Ch., Papasotiriou, D., “Macro- and micro non destructive tests for environmental impact assessment on architectural surfaces”, Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology V, Vol. 462, ed. P.B. Vandiver, J.R. Druzik, J.F. Merkel, J. Stewart, Publ. Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh (1997) pp