Road Pavement Forum May 2006 Technical Guideline: The use of Modified Bituminous Binders in Road Construction (TG 1: 2001)

Revision Process Identify issues w.r.t current specifications Identify issues w.r.t current specifications Review international specification Review international specification Identify other needs w.r.t guidelines Identify other needs w.r.t guidelines

TG 1: Modified Binders Base bitumen must be SANS 307? Base bitumen must be SANS 307? 15 o C not necessary? 15 o C not necessary? Upper limits for Softening Point should be specified? Upper limits for Softening Point should be specified? Change after RTFOT should be % and not value? Change after RTFOT should be % and not value? Status of “Report Only” criteria? Status of “Report Only” criteria? Values for Force Ductility & DSR should be specified? Values for Force Ductility & DSR should be specified? Identify and implement appropriate test to measure adhesion? Identify and implement appropriate test to measure adhesion? Compression 4 days relevant? Compression 4 days relevant? Issues identified w.r.t current “specification”

TG1: Modified Binders A selection guideline should be developed? A selection guideline should be developed? A protocol for introducing new types of binders? A protocol for introducing new types of binders? Specifications form part of SANS? Specifications form part of SANS? Asphalt mix design protocols w.r.t modified binders? Asphalt mix design protocols w.r.t modified binders? Other needs identified w.r.t Guideline:

TG1: Modified Binders International Review

Modified Binders Committee Current specifications – Europe Kobus Louw

Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 Bituminous Binders

prEN 14023:2004 (contd) The framework covers the following characteristics: Consistency at intermediate service temperature Consistency at elevated service temperature Cohesion Durability of consistency The cohesion property has been included as a means of discriminating between PMB’s and other bituminous binders

Nomenclature of PMB’s The nomenclature of PMB’s comprises the penetration range and the minimum softening point and could be declared as follows: PMB 45/80-60

Framework specifications for essential requirements and classes of PMB’s Table 1 Essential requirement Characteristi c Characteristi cTestMethodUnits Classes for the essential requirements for modified bitumens Consistency at intermediate service temperature Penetration at 25 °C EN ,1 mm TBR Consistency at elevated service temperature SofteningPoint EN 1427 °CTBR ≥ 80 ≥ 75 ≥ 70 ≥ 65 ≥ 60 ≥ 55 ≥ 50 ≥ 45 ≥ 40 Cohesion Force ductility (low speed traction) or EN 3703 EN J/cm 2 NPDTBR ≥ 5 C ≥ 5 C ≥ 5 C ≥ 10 C 10 C ---- Tensile 5 °C or EN J/cm 2 NPDTBR≥3 ≥ 2 ≥ Vialit pendulum EN J/cm 2 NPDTBR≥0, Durability resistance to hardening Change of mass EN /-3 %NPDTBR≤0,3≤0,5≤0,8≤1, Retained pen EN 1426 %NPDTBR≥35≥40≥45≥50≥55≥60--- Increase in soft point EN 1427 °CNPDTBR≤8≤10≤ Other properties Flash Point EN ISO 2592 °C≥ 25 0 ≥ 23 5 ≥

Framework specifications for technical requirements and classes of PMB’s Table 2 Technical requirement TestMethodUnits Classes for the essential requirements for modified bitumens Fraass breaking point EN °CNPDTBR ≤ 0 ≤ -5 ≤ -7 ≤ ≤-12≤-15≤-18≤-20≤-22 Elastic 25 °C EN %NPDTBR ≥ 80 ≥ 70 ≥ 60 ≥ Elastic 10 °C EN %NPDTBR ≥ 75 ≥ Plasticity range N/A°CNPDTBR ≥ 85 ≥ 80 ≥ 75 ≥ 70 ≥ 65 ≥ Storage stability Difference in Soft Point EN EN 1427 °CNPDTBR ≤ Storage stability Difference in pen EN EN ,1mmNPDTBR ≤ 9 ≥ ≤ 13 ≤ 19 ≤ Drop in soft point after ageing EN 1427 °CNPDTBR ≤ 2 ≤ Elastic 25 °C after ageing EN %NPDTBR ≥ 70 ≥ 60 ≥ Elastic 10°C after ageing EN %NPDTBR ≥

Other properties On a voluntary basis some countries are evaluating new test methods to gain experience for further developments. The following methods are under evaluation: Bending Beam Rheometer Dynamic Shear Rheometer Deformation Energy by Force Ductility under different test conditions The test condition should be selected according to traffic and climatic conditions or in relation to the grades used.

Australian Specifications for PMBs November 2005 Austroads Project # TT1133

Background Revision of May 1997 specifications for PMBs Revision of May 1997 specifications for PMBs Softening point & Torsional recovery used as quality indicators Softening point & Torsional recovery used as quality indicators Specification limits based on manufacturing, testing and application experienced gained over last few years Specification limits based on manufacturing, testing and application experienced gained over last few years Modified emulsions & crack sealants not covered Modified emulsions & crack sealants not covered Publication of ‘Guide to the selection and use of PMBs & multigrade bitumens’ Publication of ‘Guide to the selection and use of PMBs & multigrade bitumens’

PMB classification framework Binder classes based on application Binder classes based on application S for sealing S for sealing A for asphalt A for asphalt followed by 2 digits and predominant polymer followed by 2 digits and predominant polymer E for elastomer E for elastomer P for plastomer P for plastomer R for crumb rubber R for crumb rubber Eg A35P or S10E

PMB grades Seals S10E (48) S10E (48) S20E (65) S20E (65) S25E (80) S25E (80) S35E (48) S35E (48) S45R (55) S45R (55) S55R (62) S55R (62) S15RF (55) S15RF (55) S18RF (62) S18RF (62)Asphalt A25E (52) A25E (52) A35P (60) A35P (60) A20E (65) A20E (65) A15E (82) A15E (82) A10E (88) A10E (88) A27RF A27RF

Carl Monismith

TG1: Conclusions Critical assessment of the current guideline indicates some amendments/additions may be appropriate Critical assessment of the current guideline indicates some amendments/additions may be appropriate Development of specifications for modified binders internationally is a very dynamic process Development of specifications for modified binders internationally is a very dynamic process Task team committed to produce revised TG1 document by May 2007!! Task team committed to produce revised TG1 document by May 2007!!